Methylene Chloride (MC), umusemburo utandukanye ukoreshwa cyane mu miti ya farumasi, ibifata, hamwe na aerosol, urimo guhinduka cyane mubikorwa byinganda ndetse nubutaka bugenzurwa. Iterambere ryagezweho mu mikorere y’umusaruro, protocole y’umutekano w’ibidukikije, n’ubundi bushakashatsi bwakorewe ibisubizo birahindura uburyo iyi miti igaragara kandi ikoreshwa mu nzego zose zitangwa ku isi.
1. Ibimaze kugerwaho muri sisitemu yo gufunga-gufungura ibintu
Uburyo bwibanze bwo kugarura no gukoresha dichloromethane mubikorwa byo gukora byiyongereyeho mumwaka wa 2023.Iterambere ryakozwe n’ubushakashatsi bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi, iyi sisitemu ifunze ikoresha tekinoroji ya adsorption yo gufata no kweza imyuka ya MC yasohotse mu gihe cyo gutwika ibicuruzwa. Ibigeragezo hakiri kare byerekana igipimo cya 92% cyo gukira, bigabanya cyane ikoreshwa ryibikoresho fatizo n’ibyuka bihumanya.
Ikoranabuhanga rihuza igenzurwa na AI kugira ngo hongerwe imbaraga zikoreshwa mu kongera umusaruro, bikubahiriza imipaka igaragara ku kazi. Inganda nko gukora polyakarubone no gusukura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike zirimo kugerageza ubu buryo, buhuza n’inama mpuzamahanga y’amashyirahamwe y’imiti '(ICCA) 2030 intego z’ubukungu buzenguruka.
2. Gushimangira amabwiriza yisi yose ku byuka bya MC
Inzego zibishinzwe zirimo gukaza umurego wa Methylene Chloride kubera ubushobozi bwa ozone yo kugabanuka (ODP) hamwe n’ingaruka z’ubuzima ku kazi. Muri Nzeri 2023, Ikigo cy’Uburayi gishinzwe imiti (ECHA) cyasabye ko hahindurwa amabwiriza ya REACH, gitegeka gukurikirana igihe nyacyo cyoherezwa mu kirere hakoreshejwe toni zirenga 50 za MC buri mwaka. Amategeko arasaba kandi isuzuma ryo gusimbuza ibyifuzo bitari ngombwa muri Q2 2024.
Icyarimwe, Ikigo cyo muri Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA) cyatangije isuzuma ry’imiterere ya MC hashingiwe ku itegeko rigenga ibiyobyabwenge (TSCA), ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwerekana ko aho akazi gakomeye gakorerwa mu kirere - bishobora kugabanya inzitizi kuva 25h00 kugeza 10h00. Izi ngamba zigamije gukemura ibibazo byiyongera ku ngaruka ndende z’imyakura mu bakozi b’inganda.
3. Urwego rwa farumasi rwemeje ubundi buryo bubisi
Uruganda rwa farumasi, umuguzi munini wa Methylene Chloridefor yo gufata imiti no kuyikuramo, yihutisha igeragezwa ryimiti ikomoka kuri bio. Urungano rwasuzumwe n’urungano rwasohotse muri * Green Chemistry * (Kanama 2023) rwagaragaje imiti ikomoka kuri limonene nkumusemburo ukomeye wa MC muri synthesis ya API (ikora imiti ikora), ukagera ku musaruro ugereranije hamwe na 80% byerekana uburozi buke.
Nubwo kurerwa bikomeje kwiyongera kubera ibibazo by’ihungabana ry’imikorere, ingamba zashyizweho n’amategeko agenga igabanuka ry’ifaranga ry’Amerika muri Amerika ni gutera inkunga inganda z’icyitegererezo zagenewe gupima ubundi buryo. Abasesenguzi bavuga ko 2027% igabanuka rya MC muri farumasi mu 2027 niba inzira ya R&D ikomeje.
4. Iterambere muri tekinoroji ya MC
Ubuhanga bushya bwo kugenzura burimo kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa na MC. Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi bwo muri Amerika ya Ruguru riherutse gushyira ahagaragara sisitemu yo kuyungurura ishingiye kuri nanoparticle ibora MC isigaye mu migezi y’amazi y’ibicuruzwa bidafite ubumara nka ioni ya chloride na dioxyde de carbone. Igikorwa cyo gufotora, gikoreshwa n’umucyo muke wa UV, kigera ku kigero cya 99,6% cyo kwangirika kandi kikaba cyinjijwe mu bigo bitunganya amazi y’imyanda.
Byongeye kandi, ibisekuru bizakurikiraho ibikoresho birinda umuntu (PPE) byerekana ubuhumekero bwa graphene byongerewe imbaraga byerekana 98% muguhagarika imyuka ya MC mugihe gikora cyane nko kwambura amarangi. Iterambere rihurirana nubuyobozi bugezweho bwa OSHA bushimangira kugenzura ibyiciro bigenzurwa kubakoresha MC.
5. Guhindagurika kw'isoko rirambye
Nubwo ifite uruhare runini, Methylene Chloride ahura n’igitutu cyinshi cya ESG (ibidukikije, imibereho myiza, imiyoborere). Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2023 bwakozwe n’isesengura ry’inganda zikora imiti bwerekanye ko 68% by’abakora ibicuruzwa byo hasi ubu bashyira imbere abatanga isoko bafite gahunda yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Iyi myumvire itera guhanga udushya mu bikorwa remezo byo kugarura no gukoresha bio-hybrid.
Ikigaragara ni uko umushinga w’icyitegererezo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya washyize hamwe MC ukoresheje chlorine ya metani ikoreshwa ningufu zishobora kongera ingufu, bikagabanya ikirere cya karuboni 40%. Mu gihe imbogamizi zingana zikiriho, ingamba nk'izi zirashimangira uruhare rw’imiti iganisha ku bidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.
Umwanzuro: Kuringaniza Ingirakamaro n'inshingano
Nkuko Methylene Chloride ikomeje kuba ingenzi mubikorwa byingenzi, inganda zibanda ku guhanga udushya no kubahiriza amabwiriza ariyongera. Imikoranire ya sisitemu yo kugarura ibintu bigezweho, ubundi buryo butekanye, hamwe na politiki igenda ihinduka bizasobanura uruhare rwa MC mugihe kizaza cya karubone. Abafatanyabikorwa mu ruhererekane rw'agaciro bagomba noneho kugendera kuri iki cyiciro cyo guhindura - aho imikorere ikora hamwe no kwita ku bidukikije bihurira - kugira ngo bibeho igihe kirekire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-07-2025