Kuva Intambara yatangira hagati y'Uburusiya na Ukraine, Uburayi bwahuye n'ikibazo cy'ingufu.Igiciro cya peteroli na gaze karemano cyazamutse cyane, bituma izamuka ryinshi ryibiciro by’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga.
N’ubwo idafite inyungu z’umutungo, Inganda z’imiti y’iburayi ziracyafite 18 ku ijana by’igurishwa ry’imiti ku isi (hafi tiriyoni 4.4), iza ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma ya Aziya, kandi ikaba ibamo BASF, uruganda rukora imiti nini ku isi.
Iyo isoko yo hejuru iri mukaga, ibiciro byamasosiyete yimiti yuburayi byiyongera cyane.Ubushinwa, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati n'ibindi bihugu bishingikiriza ku mutungo wabyo kandi ntibibangamiwe.
Mu gihe gito, ibiciro by’ingufu z’i Burayi birashoboka ko bizakomeza kuba hejuru, mu gihe amasosiyete y’imiti yo mu Bushinwa azagira inyungu nziza mu gihe icyorezo mu Bushinwa kizamuka.
Noneho, kubucuruzi bwimiti yubushinwa, niyihe miti izana amahirwe?
MDI: Ikinyuranyo cyibiciro cyagutse kugera kuri 1000 CNY / MT
Ibigo bya MDI byose bikoresha inzira imwe, inzira ya fosgene ya fonctionnement, ariko ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe birashobora gukorwa numutwe wamakara hamwe numutwe wa gaze inzira ebyiri.Ukurikije inkomoko ya CO, methanol na ammoniya yubukorikori, Ubushinwa bukoresha cyane cyane umusaruro w’amakara, mu gihe Uburayi na Amerika bikoresha cyane umusaruro wa gaze gasanzwe.
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa MDI bufite 41% by'ubushobozi bw'isi yose, mu gihe Uburayi bungana na 27%.Mu mpera za Gashyantare, ikiguzi cyo gukora MDI hamwe na gaze gasanzwe nkibikoresho fatizo mu Burayi byiyongereyeho hafi 2000 CNY / MT, mu gihe mu mpera za Werurwe, igiciro cyo gukora MDI hamwe n’amakara kuko ibikoresho fatizo byiyongereyeho hafi CNY / MT.Ikinyuranyo cyibiciro ni 1000 CNY / MT.
Imibare ishingiye ku mizi yerekana ko Ubushinwa bwoherejwe na MDI bwoherezwa mu mahanga bwarenze 50%, harimo ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu 2021 bigera kuri miliyoni 1.01 MT, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 65%.MDI ni ibicuruzwa byubucuruzi ku isi, kandi igiciro cyisi gifitanye isano cyane.Biteganijwe ko igiciro kinini cyo mu mahanga kizarushaho kuzamura ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze no kugiciro cy’ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa.
TDI: Ikinyuranyo cyibiciro cyagutse kugera kuri 1500 CNY / MT
Kimwe na MDI, inganda za TDI ku isi zose zikoresha inzira ya fosgene, muri rusange zifata inzira ya fosgene yo mu bwoko bwa fosgene, ariko ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe birashobora gukorwa n’umutwe w’amakara hamwe n’umutwe wa gaze inzira ebyiri.
Mu mpera za Gashyantare, ikiguzi cyo gukora MDI hamwe na gaze karemano nkibikoresho fatizo mu Burayi byiyongereyeho hafi 2500 CNY / MT, mu gihe mu mpera za Werurwe, ikiguzi cyo gukora MDI hamwe n’amakara kuko ibikoresho fatizo byiyongereye hafi 1.000 CNY / MT.Ikinyuranyo cyibiciro cyiyongereye kugera kuri 1500 CNY / MT.
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa bwa TDI bufite 40% by'ubushobozi bw'isi yose, naho Uburayi bugera kuri 26%.Kubera iyo mpamvu, izamuka ry’ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe mu Burayi byanze bikunze bizamura umusaruro wa TDI hafi 6500 CNY / MT.
Kwisi yose, Ubushinwa nicyohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi muri TDI.Dukurikije amakuru ya gasutamo, Ubushinwa bwa TDI bwohereza mu mahanga bugera kuri 30%.
TDI nayo nibicuruzwa byubucuruzi ku isi, kandi ibiciro byisi bifitanye isano cyane.Ibiciro biri hejuru mu mahanga biteganijwe ko bizarushaho kuzamura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ndetse n’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa.
Acide formic: Imikorere ikomeye, igiciro cyikubye kabiri.
Acide formic ni imwe mu miti ikora cyane muri uyu mwaka, ikava kuri 4.400 CNY / MT mu ntangiriro z'umwaka ikagera kuri 9,600 CNY / MT vuba aha.Umusemburo wa acide usanzwe utangirira kuri carbonylation ya methanol kugeza kuri methyl, hanyuma hydrolyzes ikagera kuri acide.Nkuko methanol ihora izenguruka muburyo bwo kubyitwaramo, ibikoresho fatizo bya aside irike ni syngas.
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa n'Uburayi bingana na 57% na 34% by'ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro wa aside aside ku isi, mu gihe ibyoherezwa mu gihugu birenga 60%.Muri Gashyantare, umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu wa aside aside yagabanutse, kandi igiciro cyazamutse cyane.
Imikorere ya acide ya formeque mu guhangana n’ibikenewe cyane biterwa ahanini n’ibibazo bitangwa haba mu Bushinwa ndetse no mu mahanga, ishingiro ryayo rikaba ari ikibazo cya gaze mu mahanga, kandi cyane cyane, igabanuka ry’umusaruro w’Ubushinwa.
Byongeye kandi, guhatanira ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu nganda zikomoka ku makara nabyo bifite icyizere.Ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku makara ahanini ni methanol na ammonia yubukorikori, bishobora kurushaho kwaguka kuri acide acike, Ethylene glycol, olefin na urea.
Ukurikije imibare, inyungu yibiciro byo gukora amakara ya methanol irenga 3000 CNY / MT;Inyungu yikiguzi cyo gukora amakara ya urea ni 1700 CNY / MT;Inyungu yikiguzi cyo gukora amakara acide acike ni 1800 CNY / MT;Ibiciro bya Ethylene glycol na olefin mu musaruro w’amakara bivaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-19-2022