Igipimo cy'Ubushinwa bw'Amajyepfo cyagabanutseho gato
Gushyira mu byiciro bivuga hejuru no hasi
Mu cyumweru gishize, isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’imiti mu gihugu ryari ritandukanye, kandi muri rusange ryaragabanutse ugereranije n’icyumweru gishize. Mu bicuruzwa 20 byakurikiranwe na Canton Trading, bitandatu byazamutse, bitandatu byagabanutse naho birindwi biguma uko byari biri.
Ukurikije isoko mpuzamahanga, muri iki cyumweru, isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli ryazamutseho gato. Muri iki cyumweru, Uburusiya buzagabanya umusaruro guhera muri Werurwe kugira ngo busubize ibihano byo mu Burengerazuba bw'Isi, kandi OPEC+ igaragaza ko itazazamura umusaruro w'ibintu byiza nko kwiyongera k'umusaruro na OPEC muri raporo iheruka. Isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli ryazamutse muri rusange. Kugeza ku ya 17 Gashyantare, igiciro cy'amasezerano y'ingenzi y'ubucuruzi bwa peteroli ya WTI muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cyari $ 76.34/umugati, igabanuka rya $ 1.72/umugati ugereranyije n'icyumweru gishize. Igiciro cy'amasezerano y'ingenzi y'ubucuruzi bwa peteroli ya Brent cyari $ 83/umugati, igabanuka rya $ 1.5/umugati ugereranyije n'icyumweru gishize.
Ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, nubwo isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli rihagaze neza muri iki cyumweru, isoko rifite izamuka rito ry’ibipimo bya peteroli kandi nta nkunga ihagije ritanga ku isoko ry’ibinyabutabire. Kubwibyo, isoko rusange ry’ibinyabutabire byo mu gihugu ryagabanutseho gato. Byongeye kandi, ukwiyongera kw’ibikenewe mu binyabutabire byo hasi ntabwo bihagije, kandi kugaruka kw’ibikenewe bimwe na bimwe ntabwo ari byiza nkuko byari byitezwe, bityo bigabanyiriza isoko muri rusange kugira ngo hakurikire umuvuduko w’isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli. Dukurikije amakuru ya Guanghua Trading Monitor, Igipimo cy’Ibiciro by’Ibinyabutabire byo mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo cyazamutseho gato muri iki cyumweru, kugeza ku wa gatanu, Igipimo cy’Ibiciro by’Ibinyabutabire byo mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo (cyitwa "Igipimo cy’Ibinyabutabire byo mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo") cyari ku manota 1,120.36, cyagabanutseho 0.09% ugereranije n’intangiriro z’icyumweru na 0.47% ugereranije n’itariki ya 10 Gashyantare (Ku wa gatanu). Mu bipimo 20, ibipimo 6 by’ibinyabutabire bivanze, methanol, toluene, propylene, styrene na ethylene glycol byiyongereye. Ibipimo bitandatu bya Sodium hydroxide, PP, PE, xylene, BOPP na TDI byaragabanutse, mu gihe ibindi byose byakomeje kumera neza.
Ishusho ya 1: Amakuru yerekeye igipimo cy’ibinyabutabire cy’Ubushinwa bw’Amajyepfo (Ishingiro: 1000) mu cyumweru gishize, igiciro cy’icyitegererezo ni cyo igiciro cy’umucuruzi.
Ishusho ya 2: Imiterere y'ibipimo byo mu Bushinwa bw'Amajyepfo kuva muri Mutarama 2021 kugeza Mutarama 2023 (Ishingiro: 1000)
Igice cy'icyerekezo cy'isoko ry'ibipimo by'ishyirwa mu byiciro
1. Methanol
Mu cyumweru gishize, isoko rya methanol muri rusange ryagize intege nke. Kubera igabanuka ry'isoko ry'amakara, inkunga y'ibiciro yagabanutse. Byongeye kandi, icyifuzo cya methanol cyari gisanzwe cyo hasi cyagabanutse buhoro buhoro, maze igice kinini cya olefin cyo hasi gitangira gukora ku rwego rwo hasi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, isoko muri rusange ryakomeje kugira intege nke.
Ku gicamunsi cyo ku ya 17 Gashyantare, igipimo cy’ibiciro ku isoko rya methanol mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo cyahagaze ku manota 1159.93, cyazamutseho 1.15% ugereranije n’intangiriro z’icyumweru, cyagabanutseho 0.94% ugereranije n’uwa gatanu ushize.
2. Sodiyumu hidroksidi
Mu cyumweru gishize, isoko rya sodium hydroxide ryo mu gihugu ryakomeje gukora nabi. Mu cyumweru gishize, ingano y’isoko muri rusange ni nto, isoko riri kwitonda cyane. Kuri ubu, kuzamuka kw’ibikenewe biri hasi ugereranyije n’uko byari byitezwe, isoko riracyakomeza gusubizwa inyuma, hakenewe kugura gusa. Byongeye kandi, igitutu cy’ibicuruzwa bya chlor-alkali ku isoko kiri hejuru, ikirere cyo ku isoko kiri hejuru cyane, byongeye kandi, isoko ryo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ni rike kandi rihindukiye ku bicuruzwa byo mu gihugu, isoko ririyongera, bityo, ibi biragabanuka ku isoko rya sodium hydroxide.
Mu cyumweru gishize, isoko rya Sodium hydroxide ryo mu gihugu ryakomeje kugabanuka. Kubera ko ibigo byinshi bigikomeza gukora neza, ariko icyifuzo cya nyuma cyakomeje kuba icy’ingenzi, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bidahagije, icyizere cyo ku isoko kirarushaho kwiyongera, bituma isoko rya Sodium hydroxide ryo mu gihugu mu cyumweru gishize rigabanuka.
Ku itariki ya 17 Gashyantare, igipimo cy’ibiciro bya Sodium hydroxide mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo cyahagaze ku manota 1,478.12, cyagabanutseho 2.92% ugereranyije n’intangiriro z’icyumweru na 5.2% ugereranije no kuwa gatanu.
3. Ethylene glycol
Mu cyumweru gishize, isoko rya ethylene glycol ryo mu gihugu ryari ryarahagaze kongera kuzamuka. Isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli ryazamutse muri rusange, kandi inkunga y’ibiciro iriyongera. Nyuma y’igabanuka ry’isoko rya ethylene glycol mu byumweru bibiri bya mbere, isoko ryatangiye kugabanuka. By’umwihariko, bimwe mu bikoresho bya ethylene glycol byimurirwa ku bindi bicuruzwa byiza, imyumvire y’isoko yararushijeho kuba myiza, kandi imiterere y’isoko muri rusange yatangiye kuzamuka. Ariko, igipimo cy’imikorere kiri hasi ugereranyije n’imyaka yashize, kandi isoko rya ethylene glycol ryariyongereye.
Ku itariki ya 17 Gashyantare, igipimo cy’ibiciro mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo cyari cyarahagaze ku manota 685.71, ubwiyongere bwa 1.2% ugereranije n’intangiriro z’icyumweru, na 0.6% ugereranije no kuwa gatanu ushize.
4. Styrene
Mu cyumweru gishize, isoko rya styrene ryo mu gihugu ryari rito cyane hanyuma rigasubira inyuma buhoro buhoro. Muri icyo cyumweru, isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli ryazamutse, ikiguzi kirashyigikirwa, kandi isoko rya styrene risubira inyuma mu mpera z'icyumweru. By'umwihariko, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe ku cyambu byarazamutse, kandi byari byitezwe ko byagabanutse ku bijyanye no kugeza ibicuruzwa ku cyambu. Byongeye kandi, kubungabunga bimwe mu nganda n'ibindi byiza byariyongereye. Ariko, igitutu cy'ibikoresho bya pouvoir kiracyari kinini, kongera gukenerwa kw'ibicuruzwa byo hasi ntabwo ari byiza nkuko byari byitezwe, kandi ibura ry'isoko ry'ibicuruzwa byo hanze riragabanuka.
Ku ya 17 Gashyantare, igipimo cy'ibiciro bya styrene mu karere k'Amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa cyafunze ku manota 968.17, ubwiyongere bwa 1.2% ugereranije n'intangiriro z'icyumweru, byari bihagaze neza ugereranije no kuwa gatanu ushize.
Isesengura ry'isoko ry'ejo hazaza
Imiterere idahwitse y’ubutaka iracyatera izamuka rya peteroli mpuzamahanga. Hagarika uko ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli bihagaze muri iki cyumweru. Mu rwego rw’imbere mu gihugu, isoko rusange rirahagije kandi icyifuzo cy’ibikomoka kuri peteroli kiri hasi ni gito. Biteganijwe ko isoko ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli cyangwa imikorere y’ikigo muri iki cyumweru bishingiye ahanini ku izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
1. Methanol
Muri iki cyumweru nta nganda nshya zikora ibijyanye no gusana zihari, kandi bitewe n’uko hari ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gusana byabonetse mbere, isoko ryitezwe ko rizaba rihagije. Ku bijyanye n’ubusabe, igikoresho nyamukuru cya olefin gikora hasi, kandi ibyo abakoresha basanzwe bakeneye bishobora kwiyongera gato, ariko igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ubusabe ku isoko muri rusange kiracyari hasi. Muri make, mu gihe hari ikiguzi gito no kunoza ubuso bw’ibanze, isoko rya methanol ryitezweho gukomeza kuzamuka.
2. Sodiyumu hidroksidi
Ku bijyanye n'amazi ya soda ya caustic, isoko rusange rihagije, ariko icyifuzo kiri hasi kiracyari gito. Kuri ubu, igitutu cy'ububiko bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibanze bikorerwamo kiracyari kinini. Muri icyo gihe, igiciro cyo kugura cyakomeje kugabanuka. Biteganijwe ko isoko ry'amazi ya soda ya caustic rikomeje kugabanuka.
Ku bijyanye n'ibice bya soda bikozwe mu buryo bwa caustic, bitewe n'uko abaguzi badafite ingufu nyinshi, isoko rikunze kuzamuka ku giciro gito. By'umwihariko, igikenewe cyane cyane muri alumina yo mu bwoko bwa allumina kiragoye kunozwa kandi inkunga y'isoko ritari iy'aluminium ntabwo ihagije, byitezwe ko isoko rya soda bikozwe mu buryo bwa caustic rigifite umwanya wo kugabanuka.
3. Ethylene glycol
Biteganijwe ko isoko rya ethylene glycol ari ryo rizaba ryiganje. Kubera ko igikoresho cya Hainan Refinery gifite toni 800.000 cyasohotse, isoko ni rinini, kandi igipimo cy'imikorere ya polyester kiri hasi kiracyafite umwanya wo kunoza. Ariko, umuvuduko w'iterambere mu gihe cya nyuma nturasobanuka neza, imiterere y'isoko rya glycol izakomeza kugabanuka gato.
4. Styrene
Isoko rya styrene mu cyumweru gitaha riracyari rito. Nubwo gusana no kongera umubare w’abashaka uruganda rwa styrene bizamura isoko, isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli biteganijwe ko rizaba rito mu cyumweru gitaha, kandi imyumvire y’isoko ishobora kugira ingaruka, bityo bikagabanya izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-01-2023