Isoko rya Porogaramu ya Alcohol ya Plastiseri

Kugeza ubu, inzoga zikoreshwa cyane muri plasitike ni 2-propylheptanol (2-PH) na alcool ya isononyl (INA), ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora plasitike izakurikiraho. Esters ikomatanyirijwe muri alcool nyinshi nka 2-PH na INA itanga umutekano mwinshi hamwe n’ibidukikije.

2-PH ifata anhydride ya phthalic kugirango ikore di (2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP). Ibicuruzwa bya PVC byashyizwe hamwe na DPHP byerekana amashanyarazi arenze urugero, irwanya ikirere, ihindagurika rito, hamwe n’imiti mike ya fiziki-shimi, bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane mu nsinga, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, firime zikoresha amamodoka, hamwe na plastiki hasi. Byongeye kandi, 2-PH irashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza-imikorere-rusange-intego-idasanzwe ya surfactants. Mu mwaka wa 2012, BASF na Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical bafatanije gukoresha toni 80.000-toni ku mwaka uruganda rukora 2-PH, uruganda rwa mbere rwa 2-PH mu Bushinwa. Mu mwaka wa 2014, uruganda rukora amakara rwa Shenhua Baotou rwatangije toni 60.000-toni ku mwaka uruganda rukora 2-PH, umushinga wa mbere w’Ubushinwa ushingiye ku makara 2-PH. Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete menshi afite imishinga y’amakara kugeza kuri olefin arateganya ibikoresho 2-PH, birimo Yanchang Petroleum (toni 80.000 / umwaka), Amakara y’Ubushinwa Shaanxi Yulin (toni 60.000 / umwaka), na Daxin yo muri Mongoliya (toni 72.700 / umwaka).

INA ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora diisononyl phthalate (DINP), ikintu cyingenzi-kigamije plastiki. Inama mpuzamahanga y’inganda zikinisha yasanze DINP idahungabanya abana, kandi kwiyongera kwayo mu myaka yashize byatumye ikoreshwa rya INA ryiyongera. DINP ikoreshwa cyane mumodoka, insinga, hasi, ubwubatsi, nizindi nzego zinganda. Mu Kwakira 2015, umushinga wa 50:50 uhuriweho na Sinopec na BASF watangiye gutanga umusaruro ku ruganda rwa toni 180.000 ku mwaka ku ruganda rwa INA i Maoming, muri Guangdong - uruganda rukora INA rukumbi mu Bushinwa. Imikoreshereze yimbere mu gihugu ihagaze hafi toni 300.000, hasigara icyuho cyo gutanga. Mbere yuyu mushinga, Ubushinwa bwashingiye rwose ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe muri INA, hamwe na toni 286.000 zatumijwe mu 2016.

Byombi 2-PH na INA byakozwe mugukora butene ziva mumigezi ya C4 hamwe na syngas (H₂ na CO). Inzira ikoresha ibyuma byiza bya catalizator, kandi synthesis hamwe noguhitamo kwi catalizator bikomeza kuba inzitizi zikomeye mubikorwa bya 2-PH na INA. Mu myaka yashize, ibigo byinshi byubushakashatsi byubushinwa byateye imbere muburyo bwikoranabuhanga rya INA no guteza imbere umusemburo. Kurugero, Laboratoire ya C1 ya kaminuza ya Tsinghua yakoresheje octène ivanze ivuye muri butene oligomerisiyasi nkibiribwa hamwe na catisale ya rodium hamwe na okiside ya triphenylphosifine nka ligand, igera ku musaruro wa 90% wa isononanal, itanga umusingi ukomeye wo kuzamura inganda.