Mu nama yo gusesengura isoko ry’ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote yo mu mpeshyi ya 2023 yabereye i Jincheng, mu Ntara ya Shanxi mu cyumweru gishize, Gu Zongqin, perezida w’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikora ifumbire mvaruganda mu Bushinwa, yagaragaje ko mu 2022, ibigo byose bifumbira azote bizarangiza neza akazi ko gutanga ifumbire mvaruganda mu gihe cy’ibibazo bikomeye by’inganda n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa, ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibiciro biri hejuru. Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze ubu, ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote n’ibikenewe biziyongera muri 2023, kandi uburinganire muri rusange buzakomeza.
Ibicuruzwa byazamutseho gato
Ingufu zitangwa ni inkunga ikomeye mu ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote. Umwaka ushize, ikibazo cy’ingufu ku isi cyateje ikibazo cy’ingufu ku isi bitewe n’intambara hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine, byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote. Gu Zongqin yavuze ko isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ifumbire mvaruganda, ibiribwa n’imiti rihagaze neza muri uyu mwaka rigifite inzitizi nyinshi, kandi bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere ry’inganda.
Ku bijyanye n'icyerekezo cy'inganda z'ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote muri uyu mwaka, Wei Yong, umuyobozi w'Ishami rishinzwe Itangazamakuru n'Ubucuruzi mu Ishyirahamwe ry'Ifumbire mvaruganda rya azote, yizera ko ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote muri uyu mwaka itazagira ingaruka ku bintu biturutse hanze. Ibi biterwa nuko isoko ry'ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote rizashyirwa ahagaragara uyu mwaka. Mu gice cya mbere cy'umwaka, ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote bufite toni 300.000 ku mwaka muri Xinjiang; toni zigera kuri miliyoni 2.9 z'ubushobozi bushya na toni miliyoni 1.7 z'ubushobozi bwo gusimbuza mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka zirashyirwa mu bikorwa. Muri rusange, toni miliyoni 2 z'ubushobozi bwo gukora urea zishyirwa mu bikorwa mu mpera za 2022 na toni zigera kuri miliyoni 2.5 z'ubushobozi bwo gukora buteganijwe muri 2023 bizatuma ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote iboneka muri uyu mwaka ihagije.
Ubuhinzi buracyakenewe
Wei Yong yavuze ko mu 2023, Inyandiko Nkuru Nomero ya 1 isaba imbaraga zisesuye zo gusobanukirwa umusaruro w'ibiribwa kugira ngo umusaruro w'ibinyampeke ku rwego rw'igihugu ukomeze kuba hejuru ya kilogarama 1.3. Intara zose (uturere n'uturere twigenga) zigomba gutuza ako gace, zikibanda ku musaruro, kandi zigaharanira kongera umusaruro. Kubwibyo, icyifuzo cy'ifumbire ya azote muri uyu mwaka kizakomeza kwiyongera. Ariko, ingano yakoreshejwe mu gusimbura ifumbire ya potasiyumu na fosifate izagabanuka, ahanini bitewe n'igabanuka rikomeye ry'ibiciro bya sulfur, ikiguzi cyo gukora ifumbire ya fosifate cyaragabanutse, kuvuguruzanya hagati y'itangwa n'ikenerwa ry'ifumbire ya potasiyumu biragabanuka, kandi ifumbire ya azote ikoreshwa ku ifumbire ya fosifate na fosifate biteganijwe kugabanuka.
Tian Youguo, umuyobozi wungirije w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kugenzura ubwiza bw’imbuto n’ifumbire mvaruganda muri Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Icyaro, yahanuye ko mu 2023 hakenewe toni miliyoni 50.65 z’ifumbire mvaruganda, kandi ko ifumbire mvaruganda itangwa buri mwaka irenga toni miliyoni 57.8, naho itangwa rirenga toni miliyoni 7.2. Muri zo, ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote iteganijwe kuba toni miliyoni 25.41, ifumbire ya fosfeti iteganijwe kuba isaba toni miliyoni 12.03, naho ifumbire ya potasiyumu iteganijwe kuba isaba toni miliyoni 13.21.
Wei Yong yavuze ko icyifuzo cya urea cy'uyu mwaka mu buhinzi cyahagaze neza, kandi icyifuzo cya urea nacyo kizagaragaza uburinganire. Mu 2023, icyifuzo cy'umusaruro wa urea mu gihugu cyanjye ni toni miliyoni 4.5, ni ukuvuga toni 900.000 ugereranyije n'izari zisanzweho mu 2022. Niba ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereye, ibyoherezwa n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kuba uburinganire.
Ikoreshwa ry'ibikomoka ku buhinzi rikomeje kwiyongera
Wei Yong yavuze ko uko igihugu cyanjye kirushaho kwita ku mutekano w'ibinyampeke, icyifuzo cy'ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote cyitezweho gukomeza kuba cyiza. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe no kuvugurura no kunoza politiki yo gukumira icyorezo, ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye buri kuzamuka neza, kandi icyifuzo cya urea mu nganda cyitezweho kwiyongera.
Ukurikije uko ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye bwagenwe mbere y'igihe, ubukungu bw'u Bushinwa buzamuka, ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye buhagaze neza muri iki gihe, kandi icyifuzo cy'ubusabe butari ubw'ubuhinzi kiziyongera. By'umwihariko, "Isuzuma ry'Ubukungu bw'u Bushinwa rya 2022 n'icyerekezo cy'Ubukungu cya 2023 mu bushakashatsi ku bukungu bw'Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi bw'Imibereho Myiza ry'Abashinwa" byemeza ko igipimo cy'ubwiyongere bw'Umusaruro w'Igihugu cy'u Bushinwa mu 2023 kiri hafi 5%. Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy'Imari cyazamuye ubwiyongere bw'Umusaruro w'Igihugu cy'u Bushinwa mu 2023 kigera kuri 5.2%. Citi Bank yanazamuye ubwiyongere bw'Umusaruro w'Igihugu cy'u Bushinwa mu 2023 kuva kuri 5.3% kugera kuri 5.7%.
Muri uyu mwaka, iterambere ry’ubutaka mu gihugu cyanjye ryarushijeho kwiyongera. Abahanga mu nganda bagaragaje ko politiki nshya y’ubutaka yashyizweho ahantu henshi yatumye iterambere ry’ubutaka rirushaho kuba ryiza, bityo bikazamura icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho byo mu nzu no kuvugurura amazu, bityo bikongera icyifuzo cya urea. Biteganijwe ko icyifuzo cya urea kitari icy’ubuhinzi muri uyu mwaka kizagera kuri toni miliyoni 20.5, bivuze ko toni miliyoni 1.5 ziyongeraho buri mwaka.
Zhang Jianhui, Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Komite y’Abahanga mu by’Amashyamba y’Ubushinwa, na we yemeye ibi. Yavuze ko hamwe no kunoza no kuvugurura politiki y’igihugu cyanjye yo gukumira icyorezo muri uyu mwaka no gushyira mu bikorwa politiki nshya y’ubutaka, isoko ryagiye rigaruka buhoro buhoro, kandi icyifuzo cyo gukoresha imbaho z’ubukorano cyagabanijwe mu myaka itatu yikurikiranya kizashyirwa ahagaragara vuba. Biteganijwe ko umusaruro w’imbaho z’ubukorano zo mu Bushinwa uzagera kuri metero kibe miliyoni 340 mu 2023, kandi ikoreshwa rya urea rizarenga toni miliyoni 12.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-10-2023