Mu 2022, habayeho ingaruka nk'icyorezo cyo mu gihugu n'izamuka ry'ibiciro mu mahanga, gukenera imiti ikoreshwa mu gihe gito, kandi inganda zo mu gihugu zifite igitutu cyo kudakoresha ububiko mu gihe gito. Muri icyo gihe, imvururu z'imimerere mpuzamahanga zatumye ibiciro by'ingufu bizamuka cyane bitangira gukora, ibyo bikaba byarateje igitutu ku giciro cyo hejuru. Hari itandukaniro rigaragara. Hari ibikoresho byatunganyijwe kandi byagaragaye ko mu myaka ibiri ishize, ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byiyongereyeho 700%, kandi isoko ryakomeje kwaguka. Dutegereje umwaka wa 2023, amahirwe ari he?
700% byiyongereye mu myaka ibiri, amabwiriza y'ibikoresho fatizo ateganijwe umwaka utaha
LithiyumuHydroxyde: inganda nyinshi zo mu mazi zavumbuwe
Kubera ko isoko ryari ridafite isoko rihagije, hydroxide ya lithium yagabanutse n’inganda zikora ibicuruzwa biri mu nzira y’amazi.
Yahua Group yatangaje ko ishami ry’ikigo ryigenga rya Yahua Lithium (Ya'an) na Aisi Kai New Energy (Shanghai) yo muri SK bashyize umukono ku masezerano yo gutanga lithium hydroxide ku rwego rwa batiri. Ya'an Lithium yemeza ko kuva mu 2023 kugeza 2025, itanga ibicuruzwa bivuye muri Aisi, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa biva kuri toni 20.000 kugeza ku 30.000.
Aiscai yanasinye "Amasezerano yo Kugurisha (2023-2025)" na Tianyi Lithium na Sichuan Tianhua yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya lithium hydroxide bifite bateri kuri Aiskai guhera mu 2023, aho amasezerano ateganya ko ibicuruzwa bitangwa buri kwezi kandi koherezwa buri mwaka bitarenze umubare wose wemeranyijweho mu masezerano (muri ± 10%).
Uretse ibigo bitanga bateri, ibigo bitanga imodoka nabyo biri mu marushanwa akomeye yo kugura litiyumu hidrojeni okiside. Mercedes-Benz yatangaje amasezerano na Kanada-Ubudage Rock Tech Lithium. Ugereranyije, iya mbere izagura toni 10.000 za litiyumu hidrojeni yo mu rwego rwa bateri muri iyi ya nyuma buri mwaka, hamwe n'ikiguzi cy'ubucuruzi kingana na miliyari 1.5 z'amayero. GM na LIG New Energy na Lithium Technology Company Livent basinye amasezerano y'imyaka myinshi yo kwemeza ko ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukora bateri z'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bitangwa. Muri byo, Livent izatanga litiyumu hidrojeni yo mu rwego rwa bateri kuri General Motors mu myaka 6 uhereye mu 2025.
Ukurikije amakuru ajyanye n'isoko, hamwe n'iterambere ririho ubu mu iterambere ry'umutungo wa lithiyumu wo mu ntera yo hejuru, kubaka ibigo bitunganya umunyu wa lithiyumu, no kwagura ibigo bishya bitunganya ingufu, isoko n'ikenerwa rya lithiyumu hidroksidi biracyari mu rugero ruto, kandi byitezwe ko bizakomeza kugeza mu 2023.
PVDF: Igiciro cyazamutse inshuro 7, biragoye kuziba icyuho cy'ibicuruzwa
Uko isoko rikomeza gushyuha, icyuho cy’ibicuruzwa n’ibikenewe bya bateri ya lithium PVDF gikomeje kwiyongera, kandi ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho fatizo bya R142B burarenga urugero, kandi isoko riracyakomeye. Igiciro ku isoko cya bateri ya lithium PVDF cyazamutse kigera ku mayuani 700.000 kuri toni, ni ukuvuga hafi inshuro 7 ugereranyije n’igiciro cyo mu ntangiriro za 2021.
Bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bwo gukora bateri za lithium mu Bushinwa, kandi ubushobozi busanzwe bwo gukora PVDF ntibushobora guhinduka PVDF yo ku rwego rwa bateri ya lithium mu gihe gito, iyubakwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo bya R142B riragenzurwa cyane kandi ryaguwe buhoro buhoro, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo gukora bateri za lithium zo mu gihugu bwa PVDF bugenda buhoro. Biragoye kubikemura. Bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibicuruzwa bishya bitanga ingufu mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka, isoko rya PVDF muri 2022 ryitezweho kugumana iterambere rikomeye, gushyigikira ibiciro bya PVDF, no gufasha amasosiyete ya PVDF kongera umusaruro wayo wa buri mwaka.
PVP: Itariki yo gutanga ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe izashyirwa ku murongo kugeza muri Mutarama
Kubera ikibazo cy’amakimbirane mu rwego rw’isi n’ihungabana ry’ingufu, ubushobozi bw’umusaruro w’ibigo bikomeye by’ubutabire byo mu Burayi bwaragabanutse, amadosiye y’ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu yariyongereye, kandi abantu babifitiye ububasha bo mu nganda zikora PVP zo mu gihugu bavuze ko “ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na PVP by’ikigo bifite ikirarane gikomeye, kandi igihe cyo gutanga bimwe mu bicuruzwa cyashyizwe ku rutonde kugeza umwaka utaha wa Mutarama.”
Amakuru aturuka ku nganda zikora PVP avuga ko ubushobozi bw'inganda zikora PVP mu Burayi bwagabanutse cyane, kandi umubare munini w'abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga watangiye kwerekeza mu bigo by'imbere mu gihugu. Kuri ubu, iyi sosiyete ifite toni hafi 1000 z'ibicuruzwa bya PVP, kandi ko ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe biteganijwe ko bizatangwa mu mpera z'umwaka cyangwa ndetse no muri Mutarama umwaka utaha.
Inganda zikora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi (photovoltaic): Gutumiza kugeza mu 2030
Daqo Energy yasinyanye amasezerano yo kugura n'umukiriya. Mu masezerano byemejwe ko umukiriya ateganijwe kugura toni 148.800 z'amato yo koza intoki yo mu rwego rwa mbere ya Sun yo mu rwego rwa mbere i Daqo Energy kuva muri Mutarama 2023 kugeza Ukuboza 2027, kandi amafaranga ateganyijwe kugura ni miliyari 45.086 z'amayuan. Kuva mu 2022, Daqo Energy yasinye amasezerano umunani akomeye angana na miliyari 370 z'amayuan.
Longji Green Energy n'amashami yayo icyenda basinye amasezerano y'igihe kirekire yo kugura ibikoresho bya polysilicon n'ishami rya Daqo Energy rya Inner Mongolia Daqo New Energy. Dukurikije amasezerano, umubare w'ibikoresho bya polysilicon hagati y'impande zombi kuva muri Gicurasi 2023 kugeza mu Ukuboza 2027 wari toni miliyoni 25.128. Amafaranga yose hamwe y'aya masezerano ni miliyari 67.156 z'amayuan.
Shuangliang Silicon Materials (Baotou) Co., LTD., ishami rya Shuangliang Energy Saving Co., Ltd., ryashyize umukono ku masezerano yo kugura no gutanga ibikoresho bya Polysilicon n'impande zirebwa. Muri aya masezerano, byemejwe ko Shuangliang Silicon Materials (Baotou) Co., Ltd. yitezwe kugura toni 155.300 z'ibikoresho bya polysilicon kuva mu 2022 kugeza 2027, hamwe n'amafaranga ateganijwe kugura angana na miliyari 47.056 z'ama-ruble.
Kugeza ubu, inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic mu Bushinwa ziracyagaragaza iterambere ryiza. Mu bihembwe bitatu bya mbere, igipimo cy’iterambere ry’inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic kirenze 100%, naho kohereza hanze inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic kirenze miliyari 40 z’amadolari y’Amerika, aho izamuka ry’umwaka rigera hafi 100%. Kuva uyu mwaka watangira, ibigo byinshi bya silicon byakunze gutangaza amasezerano akomeye, kandi byasinye amasezerano arenga 10 y’igihe kirekire yo kugurisha silicon, ingano yose hamwe ikaba irenga toni miliyoni 3 n’amafaranga arenga miliyari 800 z’amayuani. Hafi 92% by’umusaruro w’inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri silicon mu 2022 wafunzwe n’ibigo bikiri inyuma, kandi amasezerano amwe n’amwe y’igihe kirekire yasinywe kugeza mu 2030.
Biteganijwe ko hazabaho inzira nshya nk'ibikoresho bishya no kugaruza ibyo abantu bakeneye mu mwaka wa 2023.
Kuri ubu, inganda zikora imiti irimo kuva ku nganda nini zijya ku nganda nziza. Ibikoresho bishya bifite igipimo gito cyo kwinjira mu bigo by’Ubushinwa byaravutse, kandi ibikoresho bishya nka silicon, bateri ya lithium, POE, n’ibindi bikoresho bishya birihuta. Muri icyo gihe, icyifuzo kiri hasi kirimo gufungurwa buhoro buhoro. Ingaruka z’icyorezo muri 2023 zagiye zigabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi byitezwe ko icyifuzo kizihutisha amahirwe y’ishoramari ry’iyi nzira nshya.
Kuri ubu, ibiciro by'ibinyabutabire bikomeye byaragabanutse kandi biri mu cyiciro cyo hasi. Ku ya 2 Ukuboza, igipimo cy'ibiciro by'ibinyabutabire byo mu Bushinwa (CCPI) cyahagaze ku manota 4.819, cyagabanutseho amanota 7.86% ugereranyije n'amanota 5230 mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka.
Twizera ko ubukungu bw'isi buziyongera buhoro buhoro muri 2023, cyane cyane ko ubukungu bw'imbere mu gihugu bwitezweho kuzana icyiciro gishya cyo kuzamuka. Umuyobozi w'inganda azagera ku iterambere ry'imikorere mu gihe cyo gusana ibyo ukeneye. Byongeye kandi, inzira nshya nk'ibikoresho bishya no kugarura ibyo ukeneye byarazamutse cyane. Kwihutisha irekurwa ry'ibicuruzwa. Muri 2023, twibanda ku byiciro bitatu by'ibicuruzwa:
(1) Biology y’ubuvanganzo: Mu gihe habayeho kutagira karuboni ibogama, ibikoresho bishingiye ku bisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima bishobora guhura n’ingaruka mbi, ibikoresho by’ibinyabuzima bizazana impinduka nziza ku mikorere myiza no ku giciro cyiza. Ikoreshwa rinini mu zindi nzego, biology y’ubuvanganzo, nk'uburyo bushya bwo gukora, byitezwe ko bizazana ibihe byiza cyane, kandi isoko ryitezwe ko rizajya rifunguka buhoro buhoro.
(2) Ibikoresho bishya: Akamaro k'umutekano w'uruhererekane rw'ibinyabutabire mu bijyanye n'imiti karagaragaza cyane, ishyirwaho ry'inganda zigenga kandi zishobora kugenzurwa riri hafi, bimwe mu bikoresho bishya byitezweho kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ibisimburwa mu ngo, nk'urusenda rwa molekile na katalyst bifite imikorere myiza, ibikoresho byo gushyiramo aluminium, aerogels, ibikoresho byo gusiga electrode n'ibindi bikoresho bishya bitanga ubushobozi bwo kwinjira no gusangira isoko bizagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, inzira nshya y'ibikoresho byitezweho kwihutisha iterambere.
(3) Imenyekanisha ry’ubutaka n’ibikenewe n’abaguzi: Hamwe na leta itanga ibimenyetso byo kugabanya isoko ry’ubutaka no kunoza ingamba zo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo neza, kunoza politiki z’ubutaka, iterambere ry’imikoreshereze n’uruhererekane rw’ubutaka biteganijwe ko bizasanwa, kandi ibicuruzwa by’ubutabire mu mutungo utimukanwa n’abaguzi biteganijwe ko bizagirira akamaro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-20-2022