Ku ya 2 Mata 2025, Donald Trump yashyize umukono ku mategeko abiri y’ubuyobozi bw’ “imisoro isubiranye” muri White House, ashyiraho “imisoro ntarengwa” ya 10% ku bafatanyabikorwa barenga 40 b’ubucuruzi Amerika ikoresha mu bucuruzi. Ubushinwa bugomba gusubizwa imisoro ya 34%, hamwe n’igipimo cya 20% cyari gihari, bizaba 54%. Ku ya 7 Mata, Amerika yongeye kongera umwuka mubi, ibangamira imisoro y’inyongera ya 50% ku bicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa guhera ku ya 9 Mata. Harimo n’izamuka ritatu ryakozwe mbere, ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa byoherezwa muri Amerika bishobora gusubizwa imisoro igera kuri 104%. Mu gusubiza, Ubushinwa buzashyiraho imisoro ya 34% ku bicuruzwa biva muri Amerika. Ibi bizagira izihe ngaruka ku nganda z’ibinyabutabire zo mu gihugu?
Dukurikije imibare yo mu 2024 ku bintu 20 by’ubutabire bya mbere mu Bushinwa bitumizwa muri Amerika, ibi bicuruzwa byiganjemo propane, polyethylene, ethylene glycol, gaze karemano, peteroli ishaje, amakara, na catalysts—akenshi ni ibikoresho fatizo, ibicuruzwa by’ibanze byatunganyijwe, na catalysts bikoreshwa mu gukora imiti. Muri byo, hifashishijwe hydrocarbons nyinshi zitagira amazi na propane ishaje bigira 98.7% na 59.3% by’ibicuruzwa biva muri Amerika, aho ingano igera kuri toni 553.000 na toni miliyoni 1.73. Agaciro k’ibicuruzwa biva muri Amerika gusa kageze kuri miliyari 11.11 z’amadolari. Nubwo peteroli ishaje, gaze karemano ishaje, na coking cale nabyo bifite agaciro kanini k’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, imigabane yabyo yose iri munsi ya 10%, bigatuma bisimburana kurusha ibindi bicuruzwa bya shimi. Imisoro y’ibicuruzwa ishobora kongera ikiguzi cyo gutumiza no kugabanya ingano y’ibicuruzwa nka propane, bishobora kongera ikiguzi cy’umusaruro no gukaza ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa biri inyuma. Ariko, ingaruka ku mavuta akomoka kuri peteroli, gaze karemano, n'amakara yo guteka biteganijwe ko zizagabanuka.
Ku ruhande rw’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibinyabutabire 20 bya mbere mu Bushinwa byoherejwe muri Amerika mu 2024 byiganjemo pulasitiki n’ibindi bifitanye isano, ibikomoka kuri peteroli, amavuta y’ubutare n’ibikomoka ku bimera, imiti ikomoka ku bimera, imiti itandukanye, n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Plasitiki yonyine ni yo yari 12 mu bintu 20 bya mbere, aho ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka miliyari 17.69 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Ibinyabutabire byinshi byoherezwa mu mahanga bijya muri Amerika biri munsi ya 30% by’ibicuruzwa byose by’Ubushinwa, aho uturindantoki twa polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ari two turi hejuru kuri 46.2%. Ihindagurika ry’ibiciro rishobora kugira ingaruka kuri pulasitiki, ibikomoka kuri peteroli, n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, aho Ubushinwa bufite umugabane munini wo kohereza mu mahanga. Ariko, ibikorwa by’amasosiyete y’Ubushinwa ku isi bishobora gufasha kugabanya bimwe mu bibazo by’ibiciro.
Mu gihe imisoro ikomeje kwiyongera, ihindagurika rya politiki rishobora kubangamira icyifuzo n'ibiciro by'imiti imwe n'imwe. Ku isoko ryo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Amerika, ibyiciro binini nk'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki n'amapine bishobora guhura n'igitutu gikomeye. Ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga biva muri Amerika, ibikoresho fatizo byinshi nka propane na hydrocarbons zuzuye, zishingiye cyane ku bacuruzi b'Abanyamerika, bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ihindagurika ry'ibiciro no ku mutekano w'ibicuruzwa bya shimi biri inyuma.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Mata 2025