Ubucuruzi bw’imiti Ubushinwa na Amerika buzajya he mu gihe cyo kuzamura ibiciro?

Ku ya 2 Mata 2025, Donald Trump yashyize umukono ku cyemezo cy’ubuyobozi bubiri “bwisanzuye” muri White House, ashyiraho 10% “umusoro fatizo ntarengwa” ku bafatanyabikorwa barenga 40 bakorana na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika. Ubushinwa buhura n’amahoro 34%, hamwe n’igipimo kiriho 20%, yose hamwe azaba 54%. Ku ya 7 Mata, Amerika yarushijeho gukaza umurego, ibangamira ko hiyongeraho 50% ku bicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa guhera ku ya 9 Mata.Mu bihe bitatu byazamutse mbere, Ubushinwa bwohereza muri Amerika bushobora guhura n’amahoro agera kuri 104%. Mu gusubiza, Ubushinwa buzashyiraho umusoro wa 34% ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa muri Amerika Ibyo bizagira izihe ngaruka ku nganda z’imiti mu gihugu?

Dukurikije imibare 2024 ivuga ku Bushinwa 20 bya mbere biva mu mahanga biva muri Amerika, ibyo bicuruzwa byibanda cyane cyane kuri propane, polyethylene, Ethylene glycol, gaze gasanzwe, peteroli ya peteroli, amakara, na catalizator - ahanini ni ibikoresho fatizo, ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe mbere, hamwe na catalizike ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti. Muri byo, hydrocarbone yuzuye ya acilique hamwe na propane ya lisansi ihwanye na 98.7% na 59.3% by’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe muri Amerika, aho ibicuruzwa bigera kuri toni 553.000 na toni miliyoni 1.73. Agaciro kinjira muri propane ya lisansi yonyine yageze kuri miliyari 11.11. Mugihe amavuta ya peteroli, gaze gasukamo amazi, hamwe namakara ya kokiya nayo afite agaciro gakomeye ko gutumiza mu mahanga, imigabane yabo yose iri munsi ya 10%, bigatuma isimburwa cyane nibindi bicuruzwa bivura imiti. Igiciro cyo gusubiranamo gishobora kongera ibiciro bitumizwa mu mahanga no kugabanya ibicuruzwa ku bicuruzwa nka propane, bishobora kuzamura ibiciro by’umusaruro no kugabanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga. Icyakora, ingaruka kuri peteroli, gaze gasanzwe, hamwe n’amakara yatumijwe mu mahanga biteganijwe ko ari bike.

Ku ruhande rwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, Ubushinwa bwa mbere mu bihugu 20 bya mbere byohereza imiti muri Amerika mu 2024 byiganjemo plastiki n'ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na byo, ibicanwa biva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, amavuta y’amabuye y'agaciro n'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, imiti kama, imiti itandukanye, n'ibicuruzwa bya reberi. Plastike yonyine yari ifite 12 mu bintu 20 bya mbere, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka miliyari 17.69. Ibicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu mahanga biva muri Amerika bingana na 30% by’ubushinwa, hamwe na gants ya polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ikaba hejuru cyane kuri 46.2%. Ihinduka ry’ibiciro rishobora kugira ingaruka kuri plastiki, lisansi y’ibicuruzwa, n’ibicuruzwa bya reberi, aho Ubushinwa bufite umugabane munini wohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Nyamara, ibikorwa by’amasosiyete y’Abashinwa ibikorwa by’isi yose bishobora gufasha kugabanya bimwe mu bihungabana by’amahoro.

Kubera inyuma y’ibiciro byiyongera, ihindagurika rya politiki rishobora guhungabanya icyifuzo n’ibiciro by’imiti imwe n'imwe. Ku isoko ryoherezwa muri Amerika, ibyiciro binini nkibicuruzwa bya pulasitike nipine bishobora guhura nigitutu gikomeye. Ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa muri Amerika, ibikoresho byinshi nka propane hamwe na hydrocarbone ya acilique ya acilique, byishingikiriza cyane ku batanga ibicuruzwa muri Amerika, birashobora kubona ingaruka zigaragara ku ihungabana ry’ibiciro ndetse n’umutekano w’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga.