Ingaruka zo guhagarika gari ya moshi zigiye kwegereza
Inganda nyinshi zikora imiti zishobora guhagarika gukora
Nk’uko isesengura riheruka ryashyizwe ahagaragara n’Inama y’Ubutabire ya Amerika (ACC), niramuka gari ya moshi yo muri Amerika igize imyigaragambyo ikomeye mu Kuboza, biteganyijwe ko izagira ingaruka kuri miliyari 2.8 z’amadolari ku bicuruzwa bya shimi buri cyumweru. Iyi myigaragambyo y’ukwezi kumwe izatera hafi miliyari 160 z’amadolari mu bukungu bwa Amerika, bingana na 1% by’umusaruro mbumbe wa Amerika.
Inganda zikora imiti zikomoka ku binyabutabire zo muri Amerika ni zimwe mu zitwara abakiriya benshi muri gari ya moshi itwara imizigo kandi zitwara gari ya moshi zirenga 33.000 mu cyumweru. ACC ihagarariye amasosiyete mu nganda, ingufu, imiti n'izindi nganda. Abanyamuryango barimo 3M, Tao Chemical, DuPont, ExxonMobil, Chevron n'andi masosiyete mpuzamahanga.
Umubiri wose uragenda. Kubera ko ibikomoka ku binyabutabire ari ibikoresho byo hejuru mu nganda nyinshi. Igihe gari ya moshi izaba imaze gufunga imodoka zitwara ibikomoka ku binyabutabire, ibintu byose by’ubukungu bwa Amerika bizakururwa mu gishanga.
Nk’uko Jeff Sloan, umuyobozi mukuru wa politiki y’ubwikorezi ya ACC abivuga, icyumweru cy’ikigo cya gari ya moshi cyasohoye gahunda y’imyigaragambyo muri Nzeri, kubera ubwoba bw’imyigaragambyo, gari ya moshi yahagaritse kwakira ibicuruzwa, kandi ingano y’ubwikorezi bw’ibinyabutabire yagabanutseho gari ya moshi zo mu 1975. Sloan yongeyeho ati: “Imyigaragambyo ikomeye bivuze kandi ko mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’imirimo ya gari ya moshi, inganda nyinshi z’ibinyabutabire zizafungwa.”
Kugeza ubu, amashyirahamwe 7 muri 12 y’abakozi ba gari ya moshi yemeye amasezerano ya gari ya moshi yashyizweho umukono n’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Amerika, harimo 24% by’inyongera y’umushahara n’inyongera y’amadolari 5.000; amashyirahamwe 3 y’abakozi yatoye yemera kwangwa, naho 2 n’andi abiri ni yo yandi. Amatora ntararangira.
Niba amasendika abiri asigaye yemeye amasezerano y’agateganyo, BMWED na BRS mu kuvugurura sendika bazatangira imyigaragambyo ku ya 5 Ukuboza. Nubwo abavandimwe bato mpuzamahanga bakora amavomero bazatora kuvugurura, bazakomeza kuba mu gihe cy'ituze. Komeza ibiganiro.
Niba ibintu bitandukanye, amasendika yombi na yo yanze amasezerano, bityo itariki yo guhagarika akazi ni ku ya 9 Ukuboza. Mbere BMWED yavuze ko BRS itaratangaza ibyo yatangarije hamwe n’imyigaragambyo y’amasendika abiri asigaye.
Ariko byaba ari ukuva mu mashyirahamwe atatu cyangwa se kuva mu mashyirahamwe atanu, bizaba ari inzozi mbi kuri buri nganda zose z’Abanyamerika.
Gukoresha miliyari 7 z'amadolari
Saudi Aramco irateganya kubaka uruganda muri Koreya y'Epfo
Ku wa kane, Aramco yo muri Saudi Arabia yatangaje ko iteganya gushora miliyari 7 z'amadolari mu ruganda rwa S-Oil, ishami ryayo rya Koreya y'Epfo, kugira ngo ikore imiti myinshi ikomoka kuri peteroli ifite agaciro kanini.
S-Oil ni ikigo gikora isukura muri Koreya y'Epfo, kandi Arabiya Sawudite ifite imigabane irenga 63% by'imigabane yayo.
Muri iryo tangazo, Arabiya Sawudite yavuze ko uyu mushinga witwa “Shaheen (Icyarabu ni igisiga)”, ari na cyo gishora imari kinini muri Koreya y'Epfo. Igikoresho cyo gucukura umwuka wa peteroli. Kigamije kubaka uruganda runini rw’inganda zitunganya umwuka wa peteroli kandi rukaba rumwe mu ruganda runini rw’inganda zicukura umwuka wa peteroli ku isi.
Kubaka uruganda rushya bizatangira mu 2023 bikarangira mu 2026. Arabiya Sawudite yavuze ko ubushobozi bw'uruganda ku mwaka buzagera kuri toni miliyoni 3.2 z'ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Biteganijwe ko igikoresho cyo gukata umwuka gikoreshwa mu gutunganya peteroli kizaba gikozwe n'ibikomoka ku bimera bikomoka kuri peteroli, harimo no gukora ethylene hamwe na peteroli na gaze isohora umwuka. Biteganijwe kandi ko iki gikoresho kizaba gikora acryl, butyl, n'ibindi binyabutabire by'ibanze.
Itangazo ryagaragaje ko nyuma y’uko umushinga urangiye, igipimo cy’ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri S-OIL kizikuba kabiri kigere kuri 25%.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa Arabiya Sawudite, Amin Nasser, yavuze mu itangazo rye ko ukwiyongera kw'ibikenewe kuri peteroli ku isi byitezwe kwihuta, kimwe mu bituruka ku kuba ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu bukungu bwa Aziya birimo kwiyongera. Uyu mushinga ushobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'abaturage bikomeje kwiyongera.
Kuri uwo munsi (wa 17), Igikomangoma cya Arabiya Sawudite Mohammed Ben Salman yasuye Koreya y'Epfo kandi byari byitezwe ko azaganira ku bufatanye bw'ejo hazaza hagati y'ibihugu byombi. Abayobozi b'ubucuruzi b'ibihugu byombi basinye amasezerano arenga 20 hagati ya guverinoma n'ibigo mu gitondo cyo kuwa kane, arimo ibikorwa remezo, inganda zikora imiti, ingufu zisubiramo, n'imikino.
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu bikoresho fatizo ntizishyirwa mu ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zose
Bizagira izihe ngaruka ku nganda zikora peteroli?
Vuba aha, Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n’Ivugurura n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare basohoye "Itangazo ryo kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’ingufu aho kuba ingufu" (rizwi nka "Itangazo"), ryatangaje ingingo ", Hydrocarbone, alcohol, ammonia n’ibindi bicuruzwa, amakara, peteroli, gazi karemano n’ibicuruzwa byayo, nibindi, ni byo bigize ibikoresho fatizo." Mu gihe kizaza, ikoreshwa ry’ingufu nk’izo, peteroli, gazi karemano n’ibicuruzwa byayo ntibizongera gushyirwa mu igenzura ry’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zose.
Ukurikije "Itangazo", ikoreshwa ryinshi mu bintu bidakoresha ingufu z'amakara, peteroli, gazi karemano n'ibikomoka kuri yo bifitanye isano rya hafi n'inganda zikora peteroli n'imiti.
None se, ku nganda zikora peteroli na shimi, ni izihe ngaruka ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu zose?
Ku itariki ya 16, Meng Wei, umuvugizi wa Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura, mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru mu Ugushyingo yavuze ko ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo rishobora gukurwaho mu buryo bwa siyansi no mu buryo buboneye kugira ngo hagaragazwe uko ingufu zikoreshwa mu by'ibikomoka kuri peteroli, inganda zikora ibikomoka ku makara n'izindi nganda zifitanye isano zimeze, kandi binongere neza ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zose. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gucunga ingano ni ugutanga umwanya wo guteza imbere ireme, gutanga garanti yo gukoresha ingufu mu buryo bukwiye imishinga yo ku rwego rwo hejuru, no gushyigikira inkunga yo gushimangira ubukomere bw'uruhererekane rw'inganda.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, Meng Wei yashimangiye ko gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo mu kugabanya amafaranga atari ukugabanya ibisabwa mu iterambere ry’inganda nka peteroli na shimi, kandi atari ugushishikariza imishinga ijyanye nayo mu buryo buhumyi mu turere dutandukanye. Ni ngombwa gukomeza gushyira mu bikorwa ibisabwa mu kugera ku mishinga, no gukomeza guteza imbere kuzigama ingufu z’inganda no kunoza imikorere myiza y’ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-25-2022