Polyethylene tereftalate (PET), nk'umuti w'ingenzi wa thermoplastic polyester, iboneka ku isi yose buri mwaka irenga toni miliyoni 70 kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu gupakira ibiribwa bya buri munsi, imyenda, n'ibindi bikorwa. Ariko, inyuma y'ubu bunini bw'umusaruro, hafi 80% by'imyanda ya PET ijugunywa cyangwa ishyirwa mu butaka nta guhitamo, bigatera umwanda ukomeye w'ibidukikije bigatuma umutungo kamere wa karuboni upfa ubusa. Uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha imyanda ya PET bwabaye ikibazo gikomeye gisaba iterambere rirambye ku isi.
Mu ikoranabuhanga risanzweho ryo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho, ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvugurura imiterere y’izuba ryakunzwe cyane kubera imiterere yaryo y’icyatsi kibisi n’iyoroheje. Ubu buryo bukoresha ingufu z’izuba zisukuye, zidahumanya ikirere nk’imbaraga zikoreshwa, bugatanga ubwoko bw’ingufu zikomoka kuri redox mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe n’umuvuduko w’ikirere kugira ngo byoroshye guhindura no kongera agaciro k’imyanda ya pulasitiki. Ariko, umusaruro w’ibikorwa byo kuvugurura imiterere y’izuba ubu ugarukira gusa ku bintu byoroshye birimo ogisijeni nka aside formike na aside glycolic.
Vuba aha, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku guhindura no gusimbuza imiterere y’ibishushanyo mbonera mu kigo cy’Ubushinwa ryatanze igitekerezo cyo gukoresha imyanda ya PET na ammonia nk’isoko ya karuboni na azote, kugira ngo hakorwe formamide binyuze mu buryo bwa photocatalytic CN coupling reaction. Kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, abashakashatsi bakoze photocatalyst ya Pt1Au/TiO2. Muri iyi catalyst, ahantu hakora electron zikomoka kuri atom imwe gusa, mu gihe uduce duto twa Au dufata imyobo ikomoka kuri photo, byongerera cyane uburyo bwo gutandukanya no kohereza electron-hole pairs zikomoka kuri photocatalytic, bityo byongera imikorere ya photocatalytic. Igipimo cyo gukora formamide cyageze kuri 7.1 mmol gcat⁻¹ h⁻¹. Igerageza nka infrared spectroscopy na electron paramagnetic resonance ryagaragaje inzira ya radical-mediated reaction: imyobo ikomoka kuri photocatalytic icyarimwe igabanya ethylene glycol na ammonia, ikora aldehyde intermediates na amino radicals (·NH₂), zinyura muri CN coupling kugira ngo zikore formamide. Uyu murimo ntabwo ari wo watangije gusa inzira nshya yo guhindura imyanda ya pulasitiki mu buryo bw’agaciro kanini, wongera ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa bishya bya PET, ahubwo unatanga ingamba nziza, zihendutse kandi zitanga icyizere mu gukora ibintu by’ingenzi birimo azote nk’imiti n’imiti yica udukoko.
Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bifitanye isano byasohotse mu gitabo mpuzamahanga cya Angewandte Chemie cyitwa “Photocatalytic Formamide Synthesis from Plastiki Waste and Ammonia via CN Bond Construction Under Mild Conditions”. Ubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga n’imishinga yatewe inkunga n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubumenyi bw’Inyamaswa cy’Ubushinwa, Ikigega cya Laboratwari gihuriweho n’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Abashinwa na Kaminuza ya Hong Kong, n’andi masoko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 26 Nzeri 2025