Inganda zikora aside asetiki ku isi ziri mu ivugurura rikomeye mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2026, nyuma y’ihagarikwa ry’urusobe ruheruka rw’ikorwa ry’aside asetiki mu Burayi na INEOS Group, ikigo gikomeye mu nganda zikora imiti ku isi. Bitewe n’izamuka ry’ibiciro bya gaze karemano, ihindagurika ry’imiyoboro y’ingufu ku isi, n’igabanuka rikomeye ry’ibikenewe, isoko rya aside asetiki ririmo kugaragaramo impinduka zikomeye mu miterere y’itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa, ihindagurika ry’ibiciro, n’izamuka ry’ikoranabuhanga mu turere twinshi.
Mu mpera za Nzeri 2026, INEOS yatangaje ku mugaragaro ko habayeho ikoreshwa ry’imashini eshatu zikora aside acetyl zo ku rwego rw’isi ziherereye i Hull, mu Bwongereza, ibi bikaba byaragaragaje ko habayeho ikurwa burundu ry’ubushobozi bwo gukora aside acetyl nyinshi mu Burayi. Nk’uko itangazo ry’ikigo ribivuga, ebyiri muri eshatu zamaze guhagarara gukora, aho igice cya nyuma giteganijwe gufungwa mu minsi mike. Inyubako zahagaritswe zigaragaza uburyo bwa nyuma bwo gukora aside acetyl mu Burayi, bigasoza igihe akarere kamaze imyaka myinshi gatanga aside acetyl n’ibikomoka ku bimera ku isi.
Impamvu nyamukuru yatumye umusaruro uhagarara ni ibiciro by’ingufu bikomeje kwiyongera mu nganda z’inganda zo mu Burayi. Kubera ko ibiciro bya gaze karemano bikomeje kuzamuka ku rwego rwo hejuru ku mugabane wose, inzira yo gukora aside asetiki ikoresha ingufu nyinshi yatakaje ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibiciro byayo. Ugereranyije n’imigabane ihenze mu Bushinwa, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, inganda zikora aside asetiki zo mu Burayi zigwa mu mutego wo kugabanuka kw’inyungu n’igitutu mu mikorere. Byongeye kandi, urujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa bya aside asetiki bitumizwa mu mahanga kandi bihendutse byarushijeho kugabanya isoko ryo mu gihugu, bituma INEOS ifata icyemezo gikomeye cyo guhagarika umusaruro mu buryo budashira.
Ihagarikwa ry’ibikorwa bya Hull ryateje ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda no ku mibereho y’abaturage mu Bwongereza no mu Burayi. Amakuru y’inganda zo mu gace k’iwabo agaragaza ko inganda eshatu za Hull zitanga akazi kataziguye n’akataziguye gagera ku 4.000, gakubiyemo ibikorwa byo gukora, kubungabunga tekiniki, na gahunda zo kwigisha inganda. Ihagarikwa ry’ibikorwa byakozwe mu buryo butunguranye ryateje impungenge nyinshi mu bahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bo mu gace k’iwabo ndetse n’abitabira uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho by’inganda, ndetse binateza icyuho gikomeye ku isoko ry’ibicuruzwa mu karere k’i Burayi ka aside asetiki.
Nubwo isoko ry’ibicuruzwa rigabanuka mu Burayi, isoko ry’isi yose rya aside asetiki rikomeje kwiyongera mu buryo buhoraho muri rusange mu 2026. Nk’igice cy’ingenzi cy’ibinyabutabire, aside asetiki, cyane cyane aside asetiki y’umweru ifite ubuziranenge burenze 98%, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za vinyl acetate monomer (VAM), mu gutunganya aside terephthalike (PTA), mu gutunganya ibiribwa, mu nganda zikora imiti, no mu nganda zirengera ibidukikije. Raporo ku isoko ry’inganda zigaragaza ko aside asetiki y’umweru yagize 87.6% by’ibikenewe ku isoko mpuzamahanga mu 2026, aho ibikenewe ku isoko ry’inganda bifite ubuziranenge bukabije bikomeje kwiyongera mu gihe habayeho iterambere ry’inganda.
Ubusumbane mu bicuruzwa byo mu karere bwabaye ikintu kigaragara cyane ku isoko ririho ubu. Nubwo Uburayi buhanganye n'ikibazo cyo gukuraho ubushobozi n'ibura ry'ibicuruzwa, isoko mpuzamahanga ririmo kwishingikiriza cyane ku bushobozi bw'umusaruro uturuka muri Aziya na Amerika ya Ruguru kugira ngo buze icyuho. Mu bihembwe bitatu bya mbere bya 2026, igabanuka ry'ibicuruzwa bya methanol mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati ryazamuye ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo ku isi, bituma ibiciro bya aside asetiki ku masoko y'i Burayi no ku rwego mpuzamahanga byiyongera cyane. Hagati aho, inganda ku isi zirimo kwihutisha ivugurura ry'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo zihangane n'ibiciro n'impinduka ku isoko.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ikoreshwa rya karuboneliyo, rigenga 75% by'ubushobozi bwo gukora aside asetiki ku isi, ryabaye icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cyo kuvugurura inganda muri 2026. Ibigo bikomeye by'ubutabire biri kwibanda ku gutunganya karuboneliyo, guhuza ubushyuhe mu musaruro, no guhindura uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bigabanye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ikiguzi cyo kuzikora. Imikorere gakondo yo gukora ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nyinshi irimo kugenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro, mu gihe imiyoboro y'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke kandi ikora neza irimo kwiyongera ku isoko.
Abasesenguzi b’inganda bagaragaje ko guhagarika ubushobozi bw’i Burayi bitazatera ikibazo cy’itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa ku isi mu gihe gito, ahubwo bizahindura imiterere y’ubucuruzi bw’aside asetiki ku isi. Ubukene bw’isoko ry’i Burayi buzashingira ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga biva muri Aziya na Amerika ya Ruguru mu gihe kizaza, ibi bikaba bizamura ubucuruzi bw’ibinyabutabire mu turere dutandukanye. Mu gihe kirekire, inganda z’aside asetiki ku isi zizagaragaza iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa.ubushobozi bwo gukora mu karere, kongera umusaruro uhoraho w’ibicuruzwa bifite isuku nyinshi, n’umusaruro ukoresha carbon nke.
Mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2026 na 2027, isoko rizibanda ku izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu mu Burayi, kongera gutangira kw’ibikoresho bya INEOS bidafite ingufu, ndetse no kuzamuka k’ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora muri Aziya. Kubera ko hari izamuka ry’ibiciro bishya, imiti, n’ibinyabutabire bito, isoko ry’isi yose ryitezweho gukomeza kuzamuka mu buryo buhoraho, mu gihe ipiganwa ry’inganda rizava ku ipiganwa ry’ibiciro ryoroshye rijya ku ipiganwa ry’ingufu mu ikoranabuhanga no mu buryo bw’ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 30 Nzeri 2026