Igiciro cyiza cya Ammonium Chloride CAS:12125-02-9

Ammonium chloride, (urwego rw'inganda) Ammonium chloride (izwi nka "chloramine", izwi kandi nka halogen cand, formula ya chemical: NH4Cl) ni ifu ya cubic crystal cyangwa crystal yera idafite ibara. Iryoha umunyu kandi isharira gato kandi ikomoka ku munyu wa aside. Ubucucike bwayo ni 1.527. Irashongesha mu mazi, etanoli na ammonia y'amazi ariko ntishongesha muri acetone na ether. Umuti w'amazi uba ufite aside nkeya, kandi aside yayo irushaho kwiyongera mu gihe ishyushye. Iyo ishyushye kugeza kuri 100 ° C, itangira guhindagurika cyane, kandi iyo ishyushye kugeza kuri 337.8 ° C, izahinduka ammonia na hydrogène chloride, iyo ishyizwe mu bukonje, izongera kwivanga igatanga utuntu duto twa ammonium chloride n'umwotsi wera bigoye kurohama kandi bigoye cyane gushonga mu mazi. Iyo ishyushye kugeza kuri 350 ° C, izashira kandi iyo ishyushye kugeza kuri 520 ° C, izabira. Ubushuhe bwayo ni buke, kandi mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi ishobora gufata ubushuhe kugira ngo iteke. Ku byuma bya fer n'ibindi byuma, birangirika, cyane cyane ko bifite umuringa mwinshi ariko nta bushyuhe bw'icyuma cy'ingurube bushobora kwangirika. Ammoniyumu chloride iboneka mu buryo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa ammoniyumu na hydrogen chloride cyangwa ammoniyumu na aside hydrochloric (ikigereranyo cy'isesengura: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl). Iyo ishyushye, irangirika muri hydrogen chloride na ammoniyumu (ikigereranyo: NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl) kandi igisubizo kiba iburyo gusa iyo ikintu gifunguye.
Ammonium chloride ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora bateri zumye, bateri zo kubika, umunyu wa ammonium, gusiga ibara ry'uruhu, gusiga irangi, imiti, gufotora, electrodes, kole, nibindi. Ammonium chloride nayo ni ifumbire mvaruganda ya azote iboneka ifite azote iri hagati ya 24% na 25%. Ni ifumbire ifumbire ifite aside physiological kandi ikwiriye ingano, umuceri, ibigori, imbuto za rapese n'ibindi bihingwa. Igira ingaruka zo kongera imbaraga za fibre no gukomera no kunoza ubwiza cyane cyane ku bihingwa by'ipamba n'ibirahure. Ariko, bitewe n'imiterere ya ammonium chloride, iyo ikoreshejwe nabi, izagira ingaruka mbi ku butaka no ku bihingwa.
Ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki: ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu ya Repubulika y'Abaturage b'Ubushinwa GB-2946-82.
1. Ishusho: kristu yera
2. ingano ya ammonium chloride (ishingiro ryumye) ≥ 99.3%
3. ubushuhe ≤1.0%
4. ingano ya sodium chloride (umusemburo wumutse) ≤0.2%
5. ingano y'icyuma ≤0.001%
6. ingano y'icyuma gikomeye (mu bijyanye na Pb) ≤0.0005%
7. amazi adashonga ≤0.02%
8. ingano ya sulfate (mu bijyanye na SO42-) ≤0.02%
9. pH: 4.2-5.8
Ammonium chloride ikoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro ndetse n'inyongera mu matoni atari ay'inzoga. Dukurikije abakora ubwiza, igice cya ammonium gitanga ibyiyumvo byo gushyuha cyangwa gukomeretsa abantu bamwe na bamwe bahuza na toner cyangwa aftershaves, kandi, muri toner zisanzwe, akenshi bitangwa n'ingano y'inzoga. Ikoreshwa rya ammonium chloride ni ingaruka zo gukunda imiterere y'imvange.
Ammonium Chloride ni ifu itunganya ifu n'umusemburo, iboneka nk'amakristu adafite ibara cyangwa ifu y'umweru ya kristu. Garama zigera kuri 30–38 zishonga mu mazi kuri 25°C. Ph y'umusemburo wa 1% kuri 25°C ni 5.2. Ikoreshwa nk'ikomeza ifu n'uburyohe mu biryo bitetse ndetse nk'isoko ya azote mu gushyushya ifu. Ikoreshwa kandi mu birungo n'ibiryo biryoshye. Irindi jambo risobanura umunyu ni ammonium muriate.
Amakristu yera akorwa n'umunyu wa ammonia ukora kuri aside hydrochloric hanyuma agakurikirwa no gukurura. Ammonia chloride izwi kandi nka sal ammoniac. Ammonia chloride ishobora gushonga mu mazi no muri alcool, yakoreshejwe nk'ikintu cya halide mu buryo bwinshi, harimo impapuro zirimo umunyu, impapuro za albumen, albumen opaltype, na gelatin emulsion.