Kalisiyumu klorideni ikinyabutabire kigizwe n'ibintu bya kloride na kalisiyumu. Formula y'ikinyabutabire ni CACL2, ikaba inasharira gato. Ni halide isanzwe yo mu bwoko bwa iyoni, ifite ibice by'umweru, bikomeye cyangwa uduce duto ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Ikoreshwa cyane harimo umunyu, imiti ishongesha umuhanda n'imiti ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bikonjesha.
Kalisiyumu klorideKuva aho bigaragara, ahanini bigabanyijemo calcium chloride y'amazi na calcium chloride ikomeye. calcium chloride y'amazi ni igisubizo cy'amazi cya calcium chloride, ingano rusange ya calcium chloride ni 27 ~ 42%. Iyo calcium chloride irenze urugero, umuti uzaba urimo uburyaryate cyane, ubushyuhe bugabanya gukomera k'umuti, habaho gutwara, gupakurura, ingorane zo gukoresha n'ibindi bibazo. calcium chloride ikomeye ishobora kugabanywamo uduce duto, umupira, ifu n'ibindi bitatu, imiterere yayo igabanywamo calcium chloride dihydrate cyangwa calcium chloride anhydrous. calcium chloride y'amazi muri calcium chloride dihydrate muri rusange ni 72 ~ 78%, kandi calcium chloride y'amazi muri calcium chloride anhydrous irenga 90% cyangwa 94% (cyane cyane calcium spherical).
Muri rusange, uburyo bwo gukora kalisiyumu y’umubumbe ni ingorabahizi, uburyo ikorwamo ntabwo buri hejuru, ibipimo by’imikorere ni bikomeye, ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukora ni nyinshi gato, ariko ibicuruzwa byayo bifite ibyiza byo kuba byiza, uburyo Chemicalbook ikora neza, nta mukungugu, nta gufunga, ntabwo byoroshye kwinjiza ubushuhe, bityo igiciro cyo kugurisha kalisiyumu y’umubumbe kiri hejuru y’udusimba cyangwa ifu ya kalisiyumu chloride, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusukura ibiribwa mu ngo, kohereza mu mahanga. Ukurikije urwego, kalisiyumu chloride ishobora kugabanywamo kalisiyumu chloride yo mu rwego rw’inganda na kalisiyumu chloride yo mu rwego rw’ibiribwa. Ugereranyije na kalisiyumu chloride yo mu rwego rw’inganda, kalisiyumu chloride yo mu rwego rw’ibiribwa ifite ibisabwa bikomeye mu kugenzura umusaruro no gutunganywa neza kw’ibicuruzwa. Amabwiriza y’igihugu yongereyeho ibipimo nk’ibara, icyuma gikomeye (lead, arsenic) n’ingano ya fluorine mu bicuruzwa. Kalisiyumu chloride yo mu rwego rw’ibiribwa ishobora gukoreshwa nk’ikintu gikomeza, gikomeza gukomera, ikintu gikomeza intungamubiri, ikigabanya ubushuhe, nibindi, uburyo ikoreshwamo burimo ibishyimbo, amavuta make, ibinyobwa bidasembuye, isosi iryoshye, jam, amazi avanga n’ubufasha mu gutunganya ibiribwa.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Kalisiyumu klorideigizwe na chlorine na calcium kandi ifite formula ya chimique CaCl2. Ni iyonic halide isanzwe, yera ikomeye mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba kandi idafite aho ibogamiye mu gisubizo cy'amazi. Calcium chloride, hydrate zayo n'ibisubizo bifite akamaro kanini mu nganda z'ibiribwa, ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ubuvuzi na biology.
Ikoreshwa mu nganda
1, ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu bintu byinshi, nka azote, ogisijeni, hidrojeni, hidrojeni kloride, dioxyde sulfur na gaze zindi. Ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu gukora alkoholi, esters, ether na acrylics. Umuti w'amazi wa kalisiyumu kloride ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu mashini zikonjesha no gukora urubura. Ishobora kwihutisha gukomera kwa sima no kongera ubukonje bw'imashini yo kubaka. Ni igikoresho cyiza cyane cyo kugabanya ubukonje mu nyubako. Ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu nyubako no gukusanya ivumbi ryo mu muhanda, umuti wo kugabanya inkongi mu myenda. Ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo kurinda no gutunganya icyuma cya aluminium magnesium. Ni umuti wo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu gukora ibara ry'ibiyaga. Ikoreshwa mu gutunganya impapuro zishaje. Ni igikoresho cy'ibanze cyo gukora umunyu wa kalisiyumu.
2. Umuti wo gukamura; Umuti uvura; Umuti utera kalisiyumu; Umuti ukomeza gukonjesha; Umuti wo kugabanya amaraso; Umuti ugabanya amaraso; Imikorobe; Umuti wo gukamura; Umuti utuma ingingo zimera neza.
3, ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo koza uruhu, umuti wo gukusanya ivumbi ryo mu muhanda, umuti wo gushonga, umuti ugabanya inkongi mu myenda, imiti irinda ibiryo kandi ikoreshwa mu gukora umunyu wa kalisiyumu.
4, ikoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro y'amavuta yo kwisiga.
5, ikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cy'isesengura.
6. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura tetany, urticaria, exusive edema, colic yo mu mara no mu mura, uburozi bwa manyeziyumu n'ibindi biterwa no kugabanuka kwa calcium mu maraso.
7, ikoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa nk'umuti wongera inyungugu za kalisiyumu, umuti uvura, umuti ugabanya ubushyuhe n'umuti wo koza uruhu.
8, bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu rukuta rw'uturemangingo twa bagiteri.
Gukoresha ibiryo
1. Kalisiyumu klorideishobora kongerwa mu biribwa nk'umusemburo wongera kalisiyumu, cyangwa nk'umusemburo wo gufunga tofu na foromaje.
2. Kalisiyumu kloride ishobora kongerwa mu binyobwa bisindisha n'ibikonje kugira ngo igenzure PH n'ubukana bw'ibinyobwa.
3. Ikoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa nk'umuti wongera ireme rya kalisiyumu, umuti uvura, umuti ugabanya ubushyuhe n'umuti wo koza uruhu.
4. Bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu rukuta rw'uturemangingo twa bagiteri.
5. Imiterere ya kalisiyumu kloride ishonga kandi ikaranze ituma ikoreshwa mu macupa yo kwishyushya no mu dukoresho two gushyushya.
Uburyo bwo gutegura:
1. Uburyo bwo gukoresha Calcium chloride dihydrate (uburyo bwo kugabanya amazi mu mubiri):
Igicuruzwa cya kalisiyumu kloride kitaribwa cyateguwe binyuze mu kumisha no gukamura kalisiyumu kloride dihydrate ku bushyuhe bwa 200 ~ 300°C.
Ingano y'ibisubizo bya shimi ni iyi ikurikira:
Ku bijyanye n'umuti wa kalisiyumu kloride udafite aho ubogamiye, umunara wo kumisha urashobora gukoreshwa ku gipimo cya 300°C gishyushye mu kumisha amazi, mu gutegura ifu ya kalisiyumu kloride idafite amazi.
2. Uburyo bwo kumisha no gukuramo amazi mu mifuka:
Umuti wa kalisiyumu chloride utonoye, wakuyeho arsenic n'ibyuma bikomeye, uterwa mu buryo bw'igihu hejuru y'umunara wo kumisha unyuze mu muhogo, hanyuma ugahura n'umwuka ushyushye wa 300℃ ukajya ku mukungugu no kugabanya amazi, hanyuma kalisiyumu chloride ifu ikaboneka kugira ngo hategurwe ibintu biribwa bya kalisiyumu chloride.
3. Uburyo bwo kunywa inzoga z'ingore:
Umuti w'amazi uboneka wongeyemo amata y'indimu mu nzoga y'umubyeyi mu gihe cyo gukoresha ivu rya soda hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa amoniya alkali, bukorwa binyuze mu guhumeka, gukurura, gukonjesha no gukomera.
4. Uburyo bwo gusenya ibintu bivanze:
Ikorwa n'ibikorwa bya kalisiyumu karubone (limestone) hamwe na aside hydrochloric.
Igereranya ry'ibisubizo bya shimi: CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑.
Nyuma y’uko intambwe zavuzwe haruguru zirangiye, ubushyuhe bushyuha kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 260, bugahinduka umwuka hanyuma amazi agashira.
5. Uburyo bwo kunoza:
Ibikomoka ku ikorwa rya sodium hypochlorite biratunganywa.
Umusaruro wavuye mu gikorwa cya Solvay cyo gutegura sodium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl → CaCl2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O
Ingamba zo kwirinda imikorere:
Gukorera mu muhezo kugira ngo hongererwe umwuka. Abakora bagomba kuba barahuguwe by’umwihariko kandi bakubahiriza amabwiriza y’imikorere. Ni byiza ko abakora bambara udupfukamunwa two kwisiga kugira ngo birinde ivumbi. Mu gihe cyo gukora, gupakira no gupakurura ibintu byoroheje bigomba gukorwa kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw’ibipfunyika n’ibikoresho.
Ibipimo byo kwirinda kubika:
Bika mu bubiko bukonje kandi bufite umwuka mwiza. Ibikoresho byo gupakira bigomba gufungwa kandi birinzwe ubushuhe. Bika ukwabyo ahantu hatandukanye n'ibintu biryoshye.
Ipaki y'ibicuruzwa: 25KG/ISAKOSHI
Igihe cyo kohereza: 12 Mata 2023