Acide acike, izwi kandi nka acide acetike, ni ifumbire mvaruganda, imiti ya CH3COOH, ni acide kama kama yuan, nicyo kintu nyamukuru cya vinegere

Acide acikeikunze kwitwa ACOH, yitiriwe kuba intungamubiri za vinegere, kandi ni imwe muri aside irike ikomeye.Imiterere yubuntu muri kamere ibaho mubimera byinshi.Molecular CH3COOH.Guteka no gukoresha vinegere bifite amateka yimyaka ibihumbi.Mu Bushinwa bwa kera, byanditswe muri vinegere.Ariko acide yibanze ya acetike yari igitabo cyiza cya chimique cyakozwe na Stahl mumwaka wa 1700. Acide acetike yuzuye ni amazi atagira ibara kandi afite uburyohe butera uburakari.Ahantu ho gushonga ni 16,6 ° C, aho batetse ni 117.9 ° C, naho ubucucike bugereranije ni 1.049 (20/4 ° C).Gushonga mumazi, Ethanol, glycerine, ether na chloride ya karubone;kutangirika muri karubone.Amazi-Amazi yubusa yo mumazi yegeranijwe muburyo bwa barafu, bakunze kwita acide acetike.Ruswa.Nintege nke na acide kama, acide acide, kandi irashobora gutera esterisiyasi hamwe na alcool.

Ibikoresho bya shimi:Acide acike(AcOH) ni acide karubasi ya mono-idakomeye.Ifite ibiranga aside irike.Ifata ibyuma bimwe na bimwe, okiside yicyuma na hydroxide kugirango ikore umunyu.Acide nyinshi ya acetike ifite akamaro gakomeye.Acetate yibanze ya ferricike [Fe (C2H3OO) 6OH (OOCCH3) 2] na [Fe3 (C2H3OO) 6 (OH) 2 (OOCCH3)] hamwe na acetate ya gurşide yakoreshejwe nka mordant, naho acetate ferrous yakoreshejwe mugucapa.Acide acike n'inzoga byagereranijwe.Esterification irashobora kandi gukorwa hamwe na hydrocarubone idahagije mugikorwa cya catalizator.Alpha-hydrogen irashobora gusimburwa na halogene;Kandi formaldehyde ikorwa na catalizator, mumurongo wa Chemical book ya alcool ya aldehyde;Iyo aside nitricike ihinduwe muri acide acike, igipimo cya nitrate kirashobora kunozwa.Gukora hamwe na chloride ya benzoyl, acetyl chloride na acide benzoic birashobora gushirwaho.Acide acike irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango habeho ibikomoka ku bintu bitandukanye byingenzi, nka methyl acetate, estyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, nibindi, ni umusemburo mwiza mubikorwa byo gutwika no gusiga amarangi.Cellulose acetate, ikorwa no gukorana kwa anhydride ya acetike na selile, irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora firime, gusiga irangi hamwe na plastiki zitandukanye.Carboxymethyl selulose irashobora gutegurwa na aside ya chloroacetic.Vinyl acetate ikorwa na acide acetike na acetylene ni ibikoresho by'ibanze byo guhuza imiti, amarangi n'ibirungo, ndetse n'umuti ukomeye wo kuvura reberi.Acide acike igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byinganda na synthesis.

Umwanya wo gusaba
Gukoresha inganda
1. Acide acikenigicuruzwa kinini cyimiti kandi nikimwe mubintu byingenzi bya acide kama.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane kubyara etidine, Ethyls na Ethyl acetate.Polyetate Ethyl ester irashobora gukorwa muri firime no kuyifata, kandi nigikoresho fatizo cya fibre synthique Velun.Ethyl acetic acide selile irashobora gukora silike yubukorikori hamwe na firime.
2. Ethyl acetate ikorwa na alcool yo mu rwego rwo hasi ni umusemburo mwiza kandi ukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gusiga amarangi.Kuberako ibyinshi mubintu kama bishonga aside ya acetike, acide acetike nayo ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi (urugero, mugukora acide acide acide acide acide acide).
3. Acide acetike irashobora gukoreshwa mubisubizo bimwe na bimwe byashizwemo kandi bisukuye, nka buffer (nka galvanizing na chimique nikel isahani) mugisubizo cya acide idakomeye, ukongeramo inyongeramusaruro muri nikel yaka nikel yuzuye-electrolyte, hamwe na passivation ya zinc na kadmium The igisubizo kirashobora kunoza imbaraga za firime ya passivation kandi akenshi ikoreshwa mugutunganya pH ya plaque acide.
4. Ikoreshwa mu gukora umunyu wicyuma, nka manganese, sodium, gurş, aluminium, zinc, cobalt nibindi byuma, bikoreshwa cyane nka catalizator, gusiga amarangi hamwe ninganda zitunganya uruhu.Isukari ya aside irike ni reagent ngengabihe (nka aside tetraitike aside irashobora gukoreshwa nka okiside ikomeye, isoko ya ogisijeni ya acetyl, no gutegura ibinyabuzima byangiza umubiri, nibindi).
5. Acide acike irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka reagent analytique, synthesis organic, pigment hamwe na synthesis.

Gukoresha ibiryo
Mu nganda y'ibiribwa,acideikoreshwa nka acide.Iyo imiti ihumura hamwe nibirungo bikoreshwa mugukora vinegere ya sintetike, aside acike ivangwa kugeza kuri 4-5%, hanyuma hongerwamo uburyohe butandukanye.Guhendutse.Nka acide -gukora neza, irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyibihe byinshi.Yiteguye gukoresha vinegere, amabati, jelly na foromaje.Urashobora kandi guhimba impumuro nziza hamwe 0.1 ～ 0.3 g / kg.

Kubika no gutwara
Ububiko bwo kubika: Bika mububiko bukonje, buhumeka.Irinde umuriro n'ubushyuhe.Mu gihe c'itumba, ubushyuhe bwo kubika bugomba kubikwa hejuru ya 16 ℃ kugirango birinde gukomera.Komeza ikintu.Igomba kubikwa ukwayo na okiside na alkali, kandi ntigomba kuvangwa.Ibikoresho biturika biturika kandi bihumeka.Ntukoreshe ibikoresho bya mashini nibikoresho bikunda kugaragara.Ahantu ho guhunika hagomba kuba hafite ibikoresho byo kuvura byihutirwa nibikoresho bifatika.

Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu product Iki gicuruzwa kizoherezwa n’imodoka ya aluminiyumu itangwa n’inganda za aluminiyumu mu gihe cyo gutwara gari ya moshi, kandi byemejwe n’inzego zibishinzwe bigomba kumenyeshwa mbere yo koherezwa.Ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi budafite amabuye bugomba gukorwa hubahirijwe urutonde rw’ibicuruzwa byangiza ibintu biri muri "Amategeko yo gutwara ibintu biteye akaga" bya Minisiteri ya Gari ya moshi.Gupakira bigomba kuba byuzuye kandi gupakira bigomba kuba bifite umutekano.Mugihe cyo gutwara, menya neza ko kontineri idatemba, gusenyuka, kugwa cyangwa kwangirika.Imodoka ya tank (tank) ikoreshwa mu bwikorezi igomba kuba ifite urunigi rwo hasi, kandi igabana umwobo irashobora gutondekwa mu muyoboro kugirango igabanye amashanyarazi ahamye yatewe no guhungabana.Birabujijwe rwose kuvanga na okiside, alkali n'imiti iribwa.Ubwikorezi bwo mumuhanda bugomba gukurikira inzira yabugenewe, ntugume mumiturire kandi ituwe cyane.