Igaragaza imiterere ya rheological y'imvange ya surfactant idafite sulfate ya cocamidopropyl betaine-sodium methyl cocoyl taurate mu buryo bw'imiterere, pH, n'imiterere ya ionic

Intangiriro

Sisitemu z’amazi zigizwe n’ubwoko bw’ibinyabutabire binini zikoreshwa cyane mu nzego nyinshi z’inganda, harimo amavuta yo kwisiga, imiti, imiti ikoreshwa mu buhinzi, n’inganda zitunganya ibiribwa. Gukoresha ubu buryo mu buryo busanzwe biterwa ahanini n’imikorere yabwo myiza yo hagati y’ibinyabutabire n’imitsi, bituma habaho imikorere myiza mu buryo butandukanye. Guhuza ibinyabutabire nk’ibi bivangwa n’imisemburo bihinduka ibinyabutabire bivanze bitanga imiterere ikomeye yo guhinduranya ibintu, harimo kwiyongera kwa viscoelasticity no kugabanuka kwa interfacial tension. By’umwihariko, guhuza ibinyabutabire by’imisemburo bivanze n’imisemburo bigaragaza imikorere myiza mu bushobozi bwo hejuru, ubukana, no guhindura interfacial tension. Iyi myitwarire ituruka ku mikoranire ikomeye ya electrostatic na steric hagati y’amatsinda y’umutwe wa polar n’imirizo ya hydrophobic ya surfactants, bitandukanye na sisitemu imwe y’ibinyabutabire, aho imbaraga za electrostatic zikunze kugabanya imikorere myiza.

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB; SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCN+ (C)CC([O−])=O) ni surfactant ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ubwiza bitewe n’ubushobozi bwayo bwo gusukura buhoro no kunoza umusatsi. Imiterere ya zwitterionic ya CAPB ituma habaho guhuza electrostatic na surfactants za anionic, bikongera ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza no guteza imbere imikorere myiza y’imvange. Mu myaka mirongo itanu ishize, uruvange rwa CAPB hamwe na surfactants zishingiye kuri sulfate, nka CAPB–sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), rwabaye ingenzi mu bikoresho byo kwita ku mubiri. Ariko, nubwo surfactants zishingiye kuri sulfate zifite akamaro, impungenge ku bushobozi bwazo bwo gukara kw'uruhu no kuba hari 1,4-dioxane, umusaruro wa ethoxylation, byatumye abantu bashishikazwa n’ibindi bisubizo bidafite sulfate. Abashobora kugaragara ko bafite icyizere barimo surfactants zishingiye kuri aside amine, nka taurates, sarcosinates, na glutamates, zigaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhuza neza umubiri n’imiterere yoroshye [9]. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, imitwe minini y’umutwe w’inyuma y’iyi mihindukire ikunze kubangamira ikorwa ry’imiterere ya micellar ifatanye cyane, bikaba ngombwa gukoresha ibyuma bihindura imiterere y’ubwonko.

Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate (SMCT; ISEKE:
CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CCS(=O)(=O)O[Na]) ni surfactant ya anionic ikorwa nk'umunyu wa sodium binyuze mu guhuza amide na N-methyltaurine (aside 2-methylaminoethanesulfonic) hamwe n'uruhererekane rwa aside irike ikomoka kuri koko. SMCT ifite itsinda rya taurine rifitanye isano na amide hamwe n'itsinda rya sulfonate ya anionic cyane, bigatuma ibora kandi ihuzwa na pH y'uruhu, ibi bikaba ari byo bituma iboneka nk'aho ari nziza ku miti idafite sulfate. Taurate surfactants zirangwa no kuba zifite ubushobozi bwo gupima, kwihanganira amazi akomeye, ubworoherane, no kudahinduka kwa pH.

Ibipimo bya rheological, harimo shear viscosity, viscoelastic moduli, na stress y'umusaruro, ni ingenzi mu kugena ihamye, imiterere, n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri surfactant. Urugero, shear viscosity yo hejuru ishobora kunoza kugumana substrate, mu gihe stress y'umusaruro igenga imikorere y'ibi bicuruzwa ku ruhu cyangwa umusatsi nyuma yo gukoresha. Ibi bintu bya macroscopic rheological bihinduka bitewe n'ibintu byinshi, harimo ubwinshi bwa surfactant, pH, ubushyuhe, no kuba hari ibintu bivangavanze cyangwa inyongera. Surfactants zishyushye zishobora guhinduka mu buryo butandukanye, kuva kuri micelles na vesicles z'umubumbe kugeza kuri liquid crystalline phases, ibyo nabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye kuri bulk rheology. Uruvange rwa surfactants za amphoteric na anionic akenshi zigira micelles ndende nk'inyungu (WLMs), ibyo byongera cyane imiterere ya viscoelastic. Kumva isano iri hagati y'imiterere mito n'umutungo ni ingenzi cyane mu kunoza imikorere y'ibicuruzwa.

Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakorewe ku bushakashatsi ku buryo bw’ibinyabutabire busa, nka CAPB-SLES, kugira ngo bugaragaze ishingiro ry’imiterere yabyo. Urugero, Mitrinova n’abandi [13] bahuje ingano ya micelle (radius ya hydrodynamic) hamwe na viscosity y’umuti muri CAPB-SLES-imvange y’imiyoboro iciriritse ikoresha rheometry na dynamic light scattering (DLS). Mechanical rheometry itanga ubumenyi ku miterere y’imiterere y’izi mvange kandi ishobora kongerwaho na microrheology y’amajwi hakoreshejwe diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) yongerera urwego rw’impinduka ziboneka, igafata dynamics y’igihe gito cyane cyane ijyanye na WLM relaxation processes. Muri DWS microrheology, impuzandengo y’impinduka za square probes zashyizwemo colloidal ikurikiranwa uko igihe kigenda gihita, bigatuma moduli ya viscoelastic ya linear y’uburyo buyikikije ikoreshwa binyuze mu mibanire ya Stokes-Einstein. Ubu buryo busaba ingano ntoya y’icyitegererezo bityo bukaba ingirakamaro mu kwiga amazi akomeye afite ubushobozi buke bwo kuboneka, urugero nk’ibishushanyo mbonera bishingiye kuri poroteyine. Isesengura ry'amakuru ya < Δr² (t)> kuri spectra yagutse yorohereza gupima ibipimo bya micellar nk'ingano ya mesh, uburebure bwo gufunga, uburebure bwo kugumaho, n'uburebure bwa contour. Amin n'abandi bagaragaje ko uruvange rwa CAPB-SLES ruhuye n'ibyahanuwe muri iyo nyigisho ya Cates, bigaragaza ukwiyongera gukomeye kwa viscosity hamwe no kongeramo umunyu kugeza igihe umunyu mwinshi ubaye, aho viscosity igabanuka cyane - igisubizo gisanzwe muri sisitemu ya WLM Xu na Amin bakoresheje rheometry ya mechanical na DWS kugira ngo basuzume uruvange rwa SLES-CAPB-CCB, bigaragaza igisubizo cya Maxwellian rheological kigaragaza imiterere ya WLM yavanze, byashimangiwe kandi n'ibipimo bya mikorostructural byafashwe bivuye ku bipimo bya DWS. Dushingiye kuri ubu buryo, ubushakashatsi buriho buhuza rheometry ya mechanical na microrheology ya DWS kugira ngo bugaragaze uburyo kuvugurura mikorostructure bituma imyitwarire ya shear ya CAPB-SMCT mixes.

Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubusabe bw’ibintu byoroshye kandi birambye byo gusukura, ubushakashatsi ku bintu bitagira sulfate bidafite sulfate bwakomeje kwiyongera nubwo hari ibibazo byo gukora. Imiterere itandukanye ya molekile mu buryo butagira sulfate ikunze gutanga imiterere itandukanye ya rheological, bigatuma ingamba zisanzwe zo kongera ubukana nko gukoresha umunyu cyangwa polymeric thickening. Urugero, Yorke n'abandi bashakishije ubundi buryo butari sulfate basesengura ku buryo bunonosoye imiterere ya foam na rheological y’ibivange bya binary na ternary surfactant birimo alkyl olefin sulfonate (AOS), alkyl polyglucoside (APG), na lauryl hydroxysultaine. Igipimo cya 1:1 cya AOS-sultaine cyagaragaje imiterere ya shear-thinning na foam isa na CAPB-SLES, bigaragaza imiterere ya WLM. Rajput n'abandi [26] basuzumye ikindi kintu kitagira sulfate kidafite sulfate, sodium cocoyl glycinate (SCGLY), hamwe na nonionic co-surfactants (cocamide diethanolamine na lauryl glucoside) binyuze muri DLS, SANS, na rheometry. Nubwo SCGLY yonyine yakoraga micelles nyinshi zigizwe n'uruziga, kongeramo hamwe na surfactant byatumye habaho imiterere y'urusobe rw'uturemangingo, ijyanye n'uburyo pH ihinduka.

Nubwo hari iterambere rigaragara, ubushakashatsi buke cyane bwibanze ku miterere ya rheological ya sisitemu zitagira sulfate zishingiye kuri CAPB na taurates. Ubu bushakashatsi bugamije kuziba iki cyuho butanga imwe mu miterere ya mbere ya rheological ya sisitemu ya CAPB-SMCT binary. Mu guhindura imiterere ya surfactant, pH, n'imbaraga za iyoni, dusobanura ibintu bigenga shear viscosity na viscoelasticity. Dukoresheje rheometry ya mechanical na DWS microrheology, dupima imitunganyirize mito ishingiye ku myitwarire ya shear ya CAPB-SMCT. Ibi byavuye mu bushakashatsi bigaragaza imikoranire iri hagati ya pH, CAPB-SMCT ratio, n'urugero rwa iyoni mu guteza imbere cyangwa kubuza ikorwa rya WLM, bityo bigatanga ubumenyi bufatika mu guhindura imiterere ya rheological y'ibicuruzwa birambye bishingiye kuri surfactant kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu nganda zitandukanye.