Ese uzi ibya n-hexane?

Kubera ko n-hexane ari umuti uhendutse kandi ukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya ibiribwa, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda, mu nganda zoroheje, no mu gutunganya ibiribwa mu gusukura, gukuramo, gufatana n'ibindi bikorwa. Ariko, imyumvire y'abaturage kuri n-hexane iracyari mike kandi irayobya. Abantu benshi bareka kwitonda kubera ko yitwa "uburozi buke", mu gihe mu by'ukuri ari impamvu ihishe itera uburozi bukabije ku kazi. Kugira ngo ifashe abaturage kwirinda ibyago mu buryo bwa siyansi, iyi nkuru isubiza ibibazo bikunze kugaragara kuri n-hexane kandi igasobanura imyumvire isanzwe idahwitse.

Q1: Kuki n-hexane ari ikintu gishobora guteza akaga gakomeye ku buzima bw'akazi nubwo gifite uburozi buke?

Bitandukanye n’ibinyabutabire bifite uburozi bwinshi nka formaldehyde na benzene, n-hexane ntigaragaza ibimenyetso by’uburozi bigaragara nyuma yo kuyibona rimwe na rimwe cyangwa gato, ari nabyo bituma ingaruka zayo zikunze gusuzugurwa. Mu rwego rwa shimi, n-hexane ni amazi adafite uburozi bwinshi, adafite ibara, abonerana kandi afite impumuro nto kandi ahindagurika cyane mu bushyuhe bw’icyumba. Yinjira mu mubiri w’umuntu ahanini binyuze mu guhumeka umwuka no gukora ku ruhu.

Ikintu cyayo giteje akaga cyane niuburozi bwiyongeraUmubiri w'umuntu uhindura n-hexane buhoro buhoro; iyo ihuye n'ibintu bike mu gihe kirekire bituma uburozi bukomeza kwiyongera ndetse ikangiza imitsi yo mu mpande. Byongeye kandi, n-hexane irashya cyane. Umwotsi wayo ushobora gukora uruvange rw'ibiturika n'umwuka kandi ushobora gutera umuriro cyangwa guturika iyo ihuye n'umuriro cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi. Bitewe n'ibyago by'uburozi n'ibyago bishobora gushya, igenzurwa cyane mu micungire y'ubuzima bw'akazi.

Ikibazo cya 2: Ni hehe n-hexane ikunze kuboneka? Ese abantu basanzwe bagomba kuba maso?

N-hexane ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda n'ibiribwa, aho abakozi bo ku murongo w'imbere bahura n'ibibazo bikomeye byo kwangirika. Mu nganda, ikoreshwa cyane mu guteranya ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, gukuraho amavuta mu bikoresho, gutunganya uruhu, gukora inkweto no gucapa mu gukuraho amavuta, kuvanga kole no gushonga wino.

Mu nganda z'ibiribwa, n-hexane yo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa ikoreshwa mu gukuramo amavuta y'ibimera nka soya n'amavuta ya rapeseed. Ibisigazwa bigabanuka binyuze mu gutunganya no kubahiriza amahame y'umutekano w'igihugu, bigatuma ikoreshwa rya buri munsi ritekanye ku baturage. Abantu basanzwe bafite amahirwe make yo guhura n'ibibazo mu buzima bwa buri munsi kandi bakeneye kwirinda gusa kole nke n'isabune zitujuje ibisabwa nta mpungenge zikabije.

Q3: Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'uburozi bwa n-hexane kandi ni gute wabitandukanya n'umunaniro usanzwe?

Uburozi bwa N-hexane bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri: kubabara mu gihe cyo guhura n’ibintu bidasanzwe n’uburozi buhoraho, aho ubwa nyuma bukunze kugaragara cyane kandi bukangiza. Guhumeka umwuka wa n-hexane mu gihe gito bishobora gutera isereri, isesemi, umunaniro, gusinzira no gufunga igituza. Ibi bimenyetso bisa n’ubushyuhe cyangwa umunaniro kandi biroroshye kwirengagizwa, ariko akenshi biragabanuka nyuma yo kuva mu bidukikije byanduye.

Uburozi buhoraho buterwa no kwihisha mu buryo bwihuse igihe kirekire butuma umuntu adakoresha ikoranabuhanga ryihishe cyane. Ibimenyetso bya mbere birimo kubura intoki, kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gukoraho ndetse n'amaguru adakomeye, akenshi bifatwa nk'umunaniro usanzwe. Uko uburozi bwiyongera, abarwayi bashobora kugira ububabare bw'imitsi, intege nke muri rusange no gukwirakwira kw'ibicurane. Indwara zikomeye zitera indwara yo mu bwonko bw'imitsi, bigatuma imitsi ifungana ndetse n'imikorere y'imitsi ikora nabi. Kwangirika kw'imitsi biragoye gusana kandi bisaba igihe kirekire cyo gukira. Gukora ku ruhu igihe kirekire byangiza uruhu, bigatera uruhu rwumye, gucikamo uduce duto ndetse n'uruhu rudakora neza.

Ikibazo cya kane: Ni gute abakozi bo ku murongo w'imbere bashobora kugera ku burinzi bwa siyansi? Ni ayahe mahame y'ingenzi?

Ingaruka za N-hexane zishobora kwirindwa burundu binyuze mu kurinda ibintu bisanzwe, byibanda ku guhumeka neza, kurengera umuntu ku giti cye no gucunga ubuzima bwe. Icya mbere, aho bakorera hagomba kugira umwuka mwiza uhumeka hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bitanga umwuka kugira ngo hagabanuke umwuka uhumeka cyane kandi hakumirwe ubwinshi bw'ibintu.

Icya kabiri, abakozi bagomba kwambara udupfukamunwa twa gaze, uturindantoki twa rubber tudashonga n'amadarubindi yo kurinda mu gihe cyo gukora. Gukora ku ruhu no guhumeka umwuka hafi birabujijwe cyane. Hagati aho, amategeko akaze yo kwirinda inkongi agomba gukurikizwa; umuriro ufunguye n'ubushyuhe bwinshi birabujijwe mu kazi kugira ngo hakurweho ingaruka zishobora gushya cyangwa guturika. Icya gatatu, isuzuma ry'ubuzima bw'akazi rihoraho ni ngombwa ku bakozi b'igihe kirekire kugira ngo bamenye ibyangiritse mu mitsi hakiri kare kandi bashobore gufata ingamba no kuvurwa ku gihe.

Q5: Ni ayahe mategeko y'ingenzi agenga ububiko bwa n-hexane no gutabwa mu buryo bwihutirwa?

Kubika N-hexane bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga imiti ishobora guteza akaga. Igomba gufungwa neza kandi ikabikwa mu bubiko bukonje kandi bufite umwuka uhagije kure y’aho ubushyuhe buturuka n’umuriro ufunguye, hirindwa ko yangirika mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Igomba kubikwa ukwayo kandi ntigomba kuvangwa na okiside, aside cyangwa alkali kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka mbi za shimi. Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki na peteroli birabujijwe, kuko n-hexane ishobora kubingiza no gutuma biva.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe bwihutirwa burakenewe mu gihe umuntu yahuye n’impanuka. Ahantu hahurira uruhu hagomba kozwa neza n’isabune n’amazi atemba. Kubona amaso bisaba ko umuntu ahora asukurwa n’amazi hanyuma agahabwa ubuvuzi bukurikira. Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo guhumeka bagomba guhita bajya mu mwuka mwiza kandi bagahabwa ubuvuzi bwihuse niba ibimenyetso bikomeye. Abantu banywa ntibagomba kwihutira kuruka kugira ngo birinde ibihaha kandi bagomba gushaka ubuvuzi bwihuse. Muri make, ingaruka za n-hexane zituruka ahanini ku kubagwa ku buryo butari bwo. Kumenya neza umutekano no gukurikiza amabwiriza yo kurinda bishobora kwirinda ingaruka mbi zihishe no gutuma ahantu ho gukorera harangwa umutekano.