Polyurethane nigikoresho kinini cyingenzi. Kubera imikorere myiza kandi ikoreshwa nabi, izwi nka "pulari ya gatanu. Kuva mu nzu, imyambaro, mu bwikorezi, kubaka, siporo, na Aerospace n'ikibazo cy'ingabo z'igihugu, ibikoresho bitangaje bya polyurethane bihagararaho ibikoresho bishya by'imiti n'inkunga y'ingenzi mu kubaka igihugu cyanjye.
Nyuma yimyaka irenga 20 yiterambere ryihuse rya Polinethane inganda mbisi, yerekanaga impinduka ziva muri remero -ihinduka -impinduka. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora no gukora umusaruro wa Isocyanate ryashyizwe ku isi. Yinjiye mugihe cyo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga yinjiye mu iterambere -uburezi. Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa bwabaye ibintu binini bya Polyurethane ku isi nomero y'ibicuruzwa, ndetse n'akarere kwuzuye mu rwego rwa porogaramu za Polyurethane.
As a key additive for polyurethane, polyurethane expansion agents are substances that can react with the functional group reactions on the line polymer chain to expand the molecular chain and increase the molecular weight. Nibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi byo gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi bya Polyurethane. Muri synthesis yibikoresho bya Polyinethane, abakozi ba Polinethane barashobora kugera kubitekerezo bibiri: kwaguka no kwambuka ibintu byinshi, umusaruro mwinshi wa Polyinethane, nko kuzamura ibintu byinshi, no gutezimbere ibicuruzwa bya Polyinethane, n'urwego rwo gutanyagura. Fiysics na chimique byuzuye imikorere yo kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya peteroli, kurwanya ikirere hamwe no kurwanya ruswa.
一, uruhare no gushyira mu rwego rwo gushyiraho urunigi rwa polurethane
Umukozi wa Polinethane yerekeza kuri molecular nkeya hamwe nibice byinshi birimo amatsinda abiri yimikorere, bishobora kubyara umurongo -Koraho polymer binyuze mumurongo wo kwagura urunigi. Mugukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kwagura urunigi, cyangwa guhindura formulaire yo kwagura urunigi, imiti yimiti yagezweho, kandi ibikoresho bya Polyurethane hamwe nibisabwa bitandukanye bisabwa.
Uruhare rwabakozi ba polinethane rwa polurethane muri synthesis ya Polyurethane cyane harimo:
. Uburemere bwa molekile hamwe na reaction ishimishije birashobora gutuma sisitemu yo kwitwara vuba yagura cyangwa ikomera, itanga umurongo ufite uburemere bunini bwa molekile molekile zifite imikorere.
(2) Imyuga itandukanye yongerewe ifite ibintu bitandukanye. Ukoresheje ubwoko butandukanye bwo kwagura urunigi hamwe na dosage, hindura viactoity ya reaction, molekile ninzego za morkile na morculogiya kugirango uhuze na Polinethane nibicuruzwa bya sisitemu zitandukanye.
. -Gukoresha umunaniro, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ikirere, kurwanya peteroli, Kurwanya ruswa, nibindi
Abakozi bo kwagura Polinethane muri rusange bagabanijwemo amine, inzoga, n'inzoga. Duhereye ku gukoresha sisitemu yimikorere nuburyo bukora, dilato na diol bishingiye ahanini kuri sisitemu yimikorere nimiterere yimikorere. Ubwoko bwa dilato gakondo bwangiritse nka Ethylene Glycol, 1,4-Butinol, hamwe na diydrableMol imwe, nibindi, bifite imikorere mike kubicuruzwa bya polyurethane, kandi ni abakozi basanzwe boherejwe. Urunigi rwo kwagura urunigi rufite imikorere igaragara yibikoresho bya Polyurethane ni ibyiciro bibiri: impumuro ya diromatiya na samuratike. Byitwa umukozi wo Kwagura urunigi. Irangwa na bejene ya Rigid Bejene. Imbaraga, Ibyerekanwa bya Abrosion, kurwanya hagati nibindi bintu.
Umukozi wa DIharamitique ya diharamitine ntabwo ari urufunguzo rwimpapuro gusa zongeweho kuri synthic polyurethane ya poltios. Ikibi cyane, kibi, kandi kinini cyane - Umukozi wa Polyurethane yo kwagura.
Imibiri gakondo ya Polurethane muri rusange ikosowe hamwe na tekinike ebyiri -Kari, ni ukuvuga, hanyuma ukurema, hanyuma ukande hamwe nabakozi bo kwagura urunigi kugirango bashimangire. Ukurikije ubwoko bwa Isocyanate, mbere birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa TDI na MDI. Ugereranije na bibiri, ibikorwa bya TDI imburagihe ni bike, kandi bihuye cyane cyane nabakozi bashinzwe kwaguka cyane amine. MDI Ibikorwa Byibanze Byibanze, kandi hydroxy -baseba urunigi rwamagana hamwe na hydroxyl yo hepfo ya hydroxyl -ubasiwe. Ukurikije ibisabwa byo gukoresha nibikorwa byibicuruzwa, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo umukozi ukwiye wo kwagura urunigi nyuma yo gutoranya nyuma yubwoko bwa isocyanate.
二, Imbere -Imikorere ya Polyurethane Ubwoko bwo kwagura ibicuruzwa no kubiranga porogaramu
2.1 Arammer Mammer Dihan Amine Urunigi Yagutse Umukozi wa Agent
Bitewe n'imikorere myiza kandi ifite ireme ryikirenga, umukozi wa diromatique ya dimiyatique niwe usanzwe kandi wakoreshwaga cyane kandi akoreshwa cyane cyane mu mutungo wo kwagura ibikorwa bya polinethane.
Bikunze gutwarwa n'abakozi ba Aromamine bakuramurwa ahanini barimo 3, 3'-Dichlori-4'-DIOD (moca: Ubwoko bwo Kurwanya Ubushyuhe, Ibindi ) (740m), 4,4'-sub-base-kabiri (kabiri (3-chlorine-2,6-diececene aniline) . 5-Diracle SulfenYone (DMTDA, uzwi kandi nka E-300) nibindi bicuruzwa.
Incamake y'ibiranga porogaramu no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa nyamukuru ni ibi bikurikira:
Umukozi wa Moca wagutse, abakozi bambere bashinzwe umutekano-umwuga wo kwagura urunigi rwashowe mu musaruro uteye imbere mu gihugu cyanjye. Ni leta ikomeye mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Ifite ibiranga ibicuruzwa bya Polyinethane bishobora gukoreshwa mubijyanye numutekano noroherwa, bishobora kubahiriza ibiranga ibisobanuro bitandukanye. Imyitwarire ya Polurethanes ni ndende -umuntu, hejuru - uburyo bwo hejuru, kwikuramo, kwikuramo, kurwanya indwara, kurwanya ruswa nibindi bintu byuzuye. Irashobora gukora ibicuruzwa binini. Numikorere yuzuye yibikoresho byagutse bya dilate. Kuva tepent ya Dupon muri za 1950, Moca yigaruriye umwanya wingenzi murwego rwa polyinethane. Kugeza ubu ni umushyitsi munini wa Polinethane. Nuburyo bwiza cyane murwego rwo gusuka Polsitinethane. Kugeza ubu, abakora moca neza mu Bushinwa ni: Suzhou Xianiwaan ibikoresho bishya Co, ltd.. . Hua chimical tekinoroji Co Co. .
Mu myaka yashize, mu buyobozi bw'Isosiyete y'Ubushinwa, ikoranabuhanga rya Moca ryarushijeho gutera imbere. Kurugero, ibikoresho bishya bya Xianyuan bitsinda ikibazo cyubuzima bwimigambi y'abakozi, umwanda ukomeye, kandi haje harubasha kubona umusaruro umwe wa hydrogentetion ya hydrogentetion ya hydrogenation. Uburyo bukomeza bwa Catalines hydrogène yo hejuru ya oucrorogyelike yo hejuru-igitsina gaboure, umusaruro wa Moca, ugaragara neza, Umusaruro wicyatsi, uhuye numukungugu. Igikoresho cyo kumusaruro cya moka cyahindutse isi-ikora ibicuruzwa bifatika bya Polyurethane Urunigi rwagutse.
Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bishya bya Xianyuya kandi byateje imbere Xylink740M na Xylink P.
2.2 Umutungo munini wa Diol yagutse ya dilateral ofgent
Bikunze gukoreshwa abakozi ba Diol ba Diol barimo amaduka ya perdroxyl-perdroxyl-petherlicl nibindi, ikoreshwa cyane cyane kubikoresho bya Polyurethane kuri sisitemu yo gutunganya MDI, nicyo kitari uburozi kandi cyanduye-umwanda wo kwagura urunigi. Incamake y'ibiranga porogaramu no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa nyamukuru ni ibi bikurikira:
Umukozi wa HQee Kwagura Umukozi wa HQU, ni uburyo bwa molecular symmactical aromatic diol yagutse. Nibice bihamye, bitarenze urugero, umwanda -inzu, no kurakara. Ifite neza na MDI kandi irashobora kwagura neza ubuzima bwibikoresho. Xianyuan ibikoresho bishya byateye imbere HQEE, we, Xylink Hqee-l, Xylinkher-l Urukurikirane rwo kwagura urunigi. Ubwiza burenze ibicuruzwa bisa murugo no mumahanga, nibicuruzwa bigurishwa murugo no mumahanga.
2.3 Ibindi bikoresho byo kwagura abantu bashinzwe kwaguka bifite imikorere idasanzwe
Hamwe no kuzamuka kwa Polyurethane igaragara, abakozi bashya bo kwagura Polinethane hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo gusaba byakomeje kuzamurwa kugirango byubahirize isoko rya Polyurethane. Ibishinga umusaruro byateje imbere ibintu bitandukanye bidasanzwe byimikorere ya Aromatiatifiya yo kwagura.
Tianmen Winterine (DMD230) ni urunigi rurimo beam Amin Amino -Free, ikoreshwa mugutegura ibintu bitoroshye cyangwa byinshi -solid bihuriye. Ugereranije na spray isanzwe pollyttes, ibicuruzwa bifite igisubizo giciriritse, imikorere myiza ikora, imikorere myiza yubwubatsi, kandi ibicuruzwa byiza byuzuye. Ifite ibara ryiza ningaruka zigaragara hamwe na polycoges mugutegura chloride yamavuta Polycisripocyate, impinduka zumuhondo, umuhondo -restant impinduka z'umuhondo, no kurengera ikirere, no kurindwa ibihe, kandi birinda ibihe byiza. Usibye ibiraro, tunel, hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwibimenyetso hasi nibimenyetso byumuhanda, birashobora kandi gukoreshwa muburyo bwo hejuru - ibyifuzo byo gukingira hamwe nikotiri ririnda hamwe na kajugujugu zuruhu rwamashanyarazi. Umusaruro w'inganda no guteza imbere iki gicuruzwa bizafasha iterambere ryerekeye amatara.
Gutabira (311) bya diharamitique ya diharatic hamwe na sodium chloride ibice (311) ni ubwoko bwo gutura mu mwobo wa diharamitique ya diharamic na mondar. Irashobora guhuza hamwe na polyurethane zitandukanye pre -Plystants mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Birakwiriye cyane cyane imiterere cyangwa nini. Ibicuruzwa byo mu gace, Microwave Gusukura, n'ibindi bihe bikenewe igihe kirekire cyo gukora, birashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkumukozi wa Epoxy resin. Ibicuruzwa bisa birimo Caytur 31da muri Amerika, Xylunk 311, Xianiyan Ibikoresho bishya.
Abandi bakozi ba submarine nka oxidatole, Ketone Adine, nibindi barashobora kugabanya amahirwe cyangwa ibindi bicuruzwa bitanga ibyatsi mubyiciro byo hagati byo gukiza, kandi bifite kandi umwanya witerambere.
三, iterambere ry'iterambere rya polinethane abakozi bashinzwe kwaguka
Inganda zanjye zo kwagura igihugu cya Polinethane zifite ishingiro ryiterambere risa. Mu minsi ya mbere, isoko yo mu gihugu Pollyurethane yo Kwagura buri gihe yamaze kwiharira imitwe yinshi. Kuva yinjiye muri iki kinyejana, itsinda ryabanjirije urunigi rwaho rwa polhethane rugaragajwe na Xianyuan ibikoresho byacitsemo ibice nyuma yimyaka myinshi ya R & D hamwe na tekinoroji. Bimwe mubicuruzwa byigihugu cya Polinethane yo kwagura abantu byageze kurwego rwibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga nkibi.
Nka Amine nini ya Amine Polleurethane, inzira yumusaruro wa Mouca irakuze, ihamye, iringaniye, kandi ikwiye. Mu murima wo gusuka umubiri wa elawst intangarugero, cyane cyane ibicuruzwa byinshi bya polyurethane byakusanyije umubare munini wibicuruzwa bya polyurethane imyitozo. Igiciro ni hejuru cyane. Nyuma yimyaka myinshi ikoreshwa, inzitizi runaka yo munzira yashizeho. Ifite uruhare rudasubirwaho, kandi umurima usaba uhora ugera.
Ubuyobozi bw'Uburayi bw'Uburayi, nk'ikigo kishinzwe icyemezo cy'Uburayi cyagenwe, cyatanze raporo ku ya 30 Ugushyingo 2017. Nyuma yo kugereranya ingaruka z'umutekano, imikorere, n'ibiciro by'ibiciro, byasabye ko mu rwego rw'umubiri wa Poluythane, ibicuruzwa bya Moca Imikorere, igiciro -Bifefferess hamwe nizindi nyungu ni indashyikirwa, kandi kuri ubu ntabindi bishakiye.
Inganda zo kwagura Polinethane zatangiye zitinze. Mu minsi ya mbere, kubera urwego rwo mu buryo buke bwo gutanga umusaruro, ibikoresho binkunga bibisi, hamwe n'impano idahagije, isoko ryo kwagura mu gihugu Pollyurethane ryo Kwamamaza ryibanze ku bigo by'imibonano mpuzabitsina. Kugeza mu myaka ya za 90, umubare wa polinethathane wo mu gihugu wa polhethane wavumbuye neza monopolies zamahanga nyuma yimyaka ya R & D na DILDOLITIKI YO GUKORA TO THLULULTHANE, n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya polinethane byazamutse ku rwego rw'ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga bisa. By'umwihariko, ibikoresho bishya bya Xianyuan byafashe iyambere mukubaka 10,000 -ton -level ikomeza gutanga ibikoresho bya Moca. Ibicuruzwa bifite ireme nubuhanga byageze kurwego rwambere rwisi kandi rwimbere. Kugeza ubu, abakora mu gihugu mu rugo bashoboye kuzuza ibisabwa kuri Ionamine. Granular moca na en -uruzuba rwinshi -Igituba cyumuhondo - moca ya moca mumirongo ya moca ya moshi itoneshwa ninganda za Poyirethane.
Gahunda yimyaka itanu ya "cumi na kabiri kuri gahunda yimyaka itanu" yinganda za PolyineThane zirasaba ko usibye umusaruro wo kwagura urunigi rwo hejuru rwo kwagura urunigi rwo hejuru ya Moca , We, HQee n'ibindi bicuruzwa bigomba kwiyongera. Ukurikije ibicuruzwa bya moshi ya moka, hamwe no gutandukanya ibikoresho n'ibicuruzwa bya Polyurethane, ibindi bicuruzwa bishya byo kwagura urunigi nabyo byagaragaye, bigize imiterere itandukanijwe n'ibicuruzwa bya moka.
Hamwe no kunoza ikoranabuhanga n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa bishya bya Aromaritance Abakozi ba Aromaritiya bafite ibyiza byihariye mu muvuduko wihuse, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, gukora, umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije no kurengera ibidukikije. Porogaramu yakuze buhoro buhoro, kandi amafaranga yo gusaba akomeje kwaguka. Kurugero, P-1000, P650, P250, 740M, kubera icyatsi cyacyo, urugwiro, ibidukikije, bidafite uburozi, buhoro buhoro, buhoro buhoro byafunguye isoko rya porogaramu mumirima myinshi. Mu myaka yashize, hamwe niterambere no gukura kwa sisitemu ya MDI Ibidukikije MDI, imikoreshereze igipimo cya Diol Yogosha Amahirwe yogutuza buhoro buhoro kandi ahuza buhoro buhoro kandi ahuza buhoro buhoro, atanga Pollythane Umubiri mwiza cyane kumubiri wihariye uko urwanya ubushyuhe nimbaraga zamarira. Usibye gukora ibicuruzwa bihumeka, birashobora kandi gutanga byinshi -Ibicuruzwa bya elasmoplastike ya elascoptic, bishobora kubohorwa. Mu bice bisabwa hamwe nibisabwa byimbitse kubikoresho bya polurethane mubihugu byateye imbere hamwe nibikoresho bimwe bya polyinethane, ibikoresho byo kwagura urunigi, HQee, we woroshye gusaba. Umukozi mushya wo kwagura urunigi yagabanijweho ibyiza muburyo bwihariye, kandi urwego rwa tekiniki ni muremure. Kugeza ubu, isoko ryimbere mu gihugu riracyari mubikorwa byo guteza imbere porogaramu.
四, uburyo bwo guteza imbere inganda za Poluurethane
Inganda za Polyurethane muri Amerika ya Ruguru no mu Burayi bw'iburengerazuba yakusanyije iterambere. Inganda zifite imbaraga zikomeye za tekiniki mu nganda, kandi isoko rikuze. Mugihe kimwe, abaguzi muri utwo turere bafite ibisabwa byingenzi kubicuruzwa bya polyurethane, kandi icyifuzo cyabakozi bashya rwo kwagura urunigi rwihuta kurusha Moca. Kugeza ubu, ibihugu byateye imbere nk'Uburayi na Amerika bifata umugabane nyamukuru wibisabwa abakozi bashya.
Ibinyobwa binini bya Polyurethane mu karere ka Aziya -acice nibindi bihugu bigaragaye bihinduka imbaraga nyamukuru zo gutwara ibinyabiziga bya Polyurethane. Muri bo, Aziya -acice akarere kamaze kuba isoko manini ya Polyurethane ku isi, ibarura miliyoni 48% by'isoko ry'isoko mpuzamahanga; Ibindi bihugu bivuka nko mu Buhinde, Burezili, Mexico, n'ibindi, icyifuzo cya Polyurethane mu nyubako, ibikoresho byo kubaka, ibikoresho byo mu rugo n'izindi ngamba nabyo biriyongera. Icyakora, ugereranije n'ibihugu byateye imbere mu Burayi no muri Amerika, bamwe muri ubwo turere muri utwo turere baracyari mu cyiciro cya mbere cy'inganda. Birumvikana cyane kubiciro byibikoresho fatizo munganda za Polinethane kandi bitondera cyane kubiciro nibiciro. Mugihe kizaza, mugihe kizaza, kariya gace kazakomeza kuba icyifuzo kinini cya mocas.
Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete akomeye yo kwagura Polinethane, nka Kazaka Kagosan Inganda CO., Ltd., Leta zunze ubumwe za Winchuang muri 2016), na Leta zunze ubumwe za Winchuang muri 2016), na Leta zunze ubumwe za United muri Amerika), na Langle (Etc . Inganda -Ibikoresho -RebalSarch System yakuweho ningaruka zo gutangaza ibicuruzwa nigiciro, kandi ibikorwa byo kwagura urunigi byoguka byongeye. Muri icyo gihe, amasosiyete manini nayo yishingikiriza ku mbaraga shingiro n'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere kugira ngo umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa n'umwuga, hanyuma ushireho ibigo binini byo mu bicuruzwa ndetse no kugurisha ibikoresho binini bya -sCale ndetse no mu bikoresho biboneye, amasoko, n'imirimo.
5. Imiterere iriho nubuyobozi bwiterambere rya porogaramu zo kwagura Polinethane
Nkibikoresho byingenzi kubikoresho bya Polyurethane, abakozi ba Polyinethane bakoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu (harimo no kwisiga, kumenza, gushyirwaho, imigi myiza) mu bikoresho bya Polsitike. Muri bo, umubiri wa polistike ya Polyisti ni ibikoresho bya synthectike hagati ya reberi rusange na plastiki. Ifite uburyohe bwa relastique ya reberi hamwe no gukomera kwinshi n'imbaraga nyinshi za plastiki. Inshuro 5 kugeza 10), Ifite izina rya "umwami wambara - Imyambarire ya rubber" kandi ifite imbaraga za mashini, kurwanya peteroli, kurwanya imiti, kurwara kw'ibiti byiza Usibye ubwoko busanzwe bwuganwa hamwe nurwego rwa poltinethane ya polastique, ibikoresho bya poltichane bikubiyemo kandi birimo ibipimo, ibikoresho, Sypem, Synthetic Uruhu, ibibi bihinduka ibikoresho bya polturethane. Hamwe no kunoza urwego rwa tekiniki, elastike ntirwasimbuwe muri reberi, plastiki, n'ibiti mu nzego zitandukanye nk'imodoka, ibirometero, icapiro, ibikoresho byo gutunganya, siporo, no gutwara abantu.
Dukurikije imibare n'ibigo bishinzwe urubanza, gukoresha uruhinja rwa Polyurethane (Umubiri wa Elastike, Gutwara, Ikidodo no kumeneka) mu mwaka wa 11.5% muri 2016-2021 cyari 11.5%.
Elastique y'Abashinwa Polyurethane muri 2016 yari toni 925.000, kandi ibisohoka mu 2021 byageze kuri toni miliyoni 1.5, hamwe na toni miliyoni 1.5 z'amafaranga y'umwaka 10.2%; Impuzandengo y'iterambere ry'umwaka yo kunywa yari 12.5%. Bigereranijwe ko na 2025, ibisohoka mu gihugu cyanjye cya Polourethane bizagera kuri toni miliyoni 2.059, bizakomeza kuba mu nzira yiterambere ryihuse.
Ku isi hose, ibisohoka ku isi bya Eyillegethane byageze kuri toni miliyoni 2,52 zagiye muri 2016 na toni 3,539 muri miliyoni 20 za miliyoni. Biteganijwe ko ku 2025, umusaruro ku isi wa Polyurethane Elanesthane uteganijwe kugera kuri toni miliyoni 4.495, zerekana inzira yiterambere ryihuse kandi zihamye.
Umudozi wa Poltinethane Elastomer (TPU) afite kurwanya cyane. Imbaraga za kanseri yayo ni ndende, ndende, amavuta, yo kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kandi kurwanya ikirere, kandi imbaraga za ozone zirakomeye, kandi ubugari bwa ozone burakomeye. Mu myaka yashize, Gusaba Isoko ya TPU byagutse munganda z'inkweto kugera ku isoko rinini mu buryo bwo kwisiga nka faruzi, indege, indege, no kurengera ibidukikije. Dukurikije imibare, kuva 2014 kugeza 2021, impuzandengo y'iterambere ry'iterambere ry'umwaka wa TPU umusaruro wa Tpu mu Bushinwa yari hejuru ya 14.5%. Muri 2021, ibisohoka mu gihugu cyanjye TPU byari toni 645.000. Igihugu cyanjye cyahindutse igihugu kinini cya TPU. Ibisohoka hamwe na net ohereza ibicuruzwa hanze byiyongereye mumyaka yashize.
Dukurikije ibisabwa, isoko rya TPU ku isi hose ryibanze mu Burayi, Amerika, na Aziya -ibice. Muri bo, akarere ka Aziya iyobowe n'Ubushinwa ni isoko ry'akarere ryihuta cyane mubyo kurya bya TPU. Dukurikije imibare ya Komite idasanzwe ya Elastike y'Ishyirahamwe ry'Inganda Ubushinwa Polyinethane, ibiyobyabwenge byose byageze muri toni miliyoni 11. muri Tpu + .
TPU iracyari kimwe mubicuruzwa bifite ubwiyongere bwihuse muri Polyurethane mugihe cya vuba. Igihugu cyanjye cyahindutse igihugu kinini cya TPU. Dukurikije imibare, impuzandengo y'umwaka igipimo cy'amazi yo mu Bushinwa muri 2017-2021 cyari kinini cyane muri 12.9%, muri byo harimo ibiyobyabwenge byose muri 202.000, byiyongera k'umwaka 11,6%. Hashingiwe ku mavuko ya TPU ku isi yose ya miliyoni 1.09 muri 2021, ibyo kurya byo mu gihugu byarenze kimwe cya kabiri cy'isi. Mugihe kizaza, ibikenewe by'inkweto, film, imiyoboro, n'insinga bizakomera cyane. Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, insinga za kabili, na firime, bizakomeza gusimbuza ibikoresho gakondo bya PVC. Birashoboka cyane gusimbuza Eva mumirima yinkweto. Biteganijwe ko TPU izakomeza kuba 10 mugihe kizaza 10 10% cyangwa byinshi byo gukura. Biteganijwe ko kunywa byayo bizagera kuri toni zigera kuri 900.000 na 2026.
Hamwe no kwagura buhoro buhoro, ikiguzi cyibicuruzwa bya pollythane ni hasi, ubwoko butandukanye ni ibintu bitandukanye, byifashe neza, kandi iterambere ryinganda rihita rihinduka. Mu gihe cya "cumi na bine bitanu -hear gahunda, inganda zigomba guteza imbere iterambere ryibicuruzwa mu cyerekezo cy'amazi - icyerekezo, kandi ibintu byinshi bidakemuka, kandi byinshi-binini; Ongera iterambere ry'imanza n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya sintetike y'imiterere y'ibanze, wibanda ku mazi ya Politiki ya Polytianmen - Koprodramine Polyphonusi; Wibande ku gusohoza amazi - bagisigishijwe ubushakashatsi bwibanze nubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga; Kunoza imikorere, gutegura ibicuruzwa bishya, kwagura urwego rusaba, kandi ushyire imbere kubaka inyubako nshya y'ibikorwa remezo muri gari ya moshi, umuhanda, umuyoboro w'ikiraro, ibiryo, n'ibindi no gushyira mu bikorwa ubuvuzi; Teza imbere ikoreshwa rya tekiniki ryifatanije na zeru formaldehyde kugirango wongere amasahani; Gutezimbere bitandukanijwe, imikorere, kandi bihambishijwe ibicuruzwa bya amoni; Shimangira ubushakashatsi no gusaba ikoranabuhanga rya Polyurethane imiterere y'ibikoresho, imikorere, igihe kirekire; Guteza imbere ikoreshwa ryibikoresho bya Polyurethane mumazu yabateguwe.
Icyerekezo nyamukuru cyiterambere ryumurima wa Elastomer ni:
Polourethane ElamoBeiles. Inganda zimodoka zuyu munsi ziratera imbere mu mikorere minini, ubuziranenge, uburemere bworoshye, ihumure n'umutekano. Ibikoresho bya reberi na plastike byanze bikunze bisimbuza buhoro buhoro ibikoresho byicyuma, bikingura ibyiringiro byagutse kugirango usabe Elanying Elaneteri.
ELYLESTHERGETHER YUBAKA. Asfalt gakondo yumvise ibikoresho bitarondoreka buhoro byasimbuwe buhoro buhoro no kubaka ibintu birambye, mubwubatsi bwa polyurethane bitarimo amazi; Gusaba Polyurethane Gukurikirana ni byinshi. Kwagura ibiraro binini, gusinzira gari ya gari ya moshi yihuta, umuhanda wikibuga cyindege no gushakisha umuhanda nabyo bikozwe buhoro buhoro muri PVC Elastomer ishimangiye ubushyuhe bwicyumba.
Polyurethane elastomer kugirango imikoreshereze yanjye. Hariho icyifuzo gikomeye cyibikoresho bidafite ibyuma bifite kwambara imyenda minini, imbaraga nyinshi na elastique mubicumbe byamakara, ibyuma nibikorwa bitari.
Polyurethane Elaspermer inkweto. Polychloride ester elastique ifite ibyiza byimikorere myiza, uburemere bwumucyo, kwambara ibirwanya, kurwanya skid, nibindi, byahindutse ibintu byingenzi bishyigikira mu nganda zisa.
ELLURETHAne ELALOMES YO GUKORESHA UBUVUZI. Bioquatims nziza, guhuza amaraso kandi ntayongerewe nimpamvu zingenzi zo gusaba ibikoresho bya TPU na CPU mumwanya wubuvuzi. Porogaramu yacyo mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi n'ubuzima iragutse cyane.
Urupapuro rushya rwa polyurethane. Biteganijwe ko ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga riteganijwe kuzana igihe gishya cyo guturika kw'isoko rya polurethane Elastomers.
六, inganda za polurethane "Inganda za 6 za gatanu -Icyiciro cya gatanu"
Duhereye ku isi, iterambere ryihuse ryubaka, inganda za elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byubutasi bya elegitoronike, inganda nshya zingufu hamwe n'inganda zishinzwe umutekano mu bidukikije zaduteye gusaba ibicuruzwa bya Polyurethane. Ibihangange bya Polyurethane ku isi bikomeje guhangana na tekinoroji no gusabana, kandi bizakomeza guteza imbere iterambere no gukora ibicuruzwa bishya bya Polyurethane. Hamwe no kwagura ibicuruzwa bya Polyurethane mu murima no ku isoko ry'isoko rya Dompress.
Mu myaka 10 iri imbere, ikoreshwa ryibicuruzwa bya Polyurethane mubice bimwe na bimwe na bimwe na bimwe bizatera imbere byihuse. Abahanga mu nganda basesengura ko ku isi bisaba Pollyurethane iziyongera ku kigero cya 4.5% ku mwaka. Muri bo, impuzandengo yo gukura ku mwaka ya Polyinethane iteganijwe kuba 5.7% mu rwego rwo gukonjesha, inkweto, imyenda, imyidagaduro n'ibindi bigo. Ibisabwa mubicuruzwa byiyongereye gato, kandi biteganijwe ko bizaba hafi 3.3% kumwaka. Ibihugu bivumbuwe mu karere ka Aziya -ACyifili byatewe inkunga n'ikoranabuhanga mu buzima bwo Kwagura Ibisabwa Downstream, kandi icyifuzo cya Polupethanes kizagera ku gipimo cya kabiri cy'ubwiyongere bwa buri mwaka.
Nk'inganda mbi z'inganda zingenzi mu nganda za Polinethane, inganda za Polyurethane mu gihugu cyanjye zigomba gushyira mu bikorwa bidafite ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'iterambere. Hasi, insanganyamatsiko yo guteza imbere iterambere ryerekana inganda za Poyirethane, hamwe no guteza imbere inganda za Poyirethane kugira ngo wihutishe iyubakwa ry'iterambere rishya rya "dual -cricle", ryibanda ku cyatsi, gito, na digitale guhinduka. , Wihutisha kubaka gahunda igezweho y'inganda, ishyire imbere "Ihangane" y'ibicuruzwa bishya, "fungura umuhanda mushya," fungura umuhanda mushya, "fungura umuhanda mushya" mu bicuruzwa by gakondo, kandi uteze imbere igihugu cyanjye kwimuka muri Polyurethane kuri A. igihugu gikomeye.
Kugeza ubu, urunigi rwa Polyurethane rwabaye kimwe mu bikoresho bya Polourethane bya Polourethane by'imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo by'igihugu. Inganda za Polinethane ni isoko yo mu guhanga udushya, gutera imbere mu cyerekezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije, imikorere miremire kandi myiza. Shyira mubikorwa bya aerospace, amakuru ya elegitoronike, ingufu nshya, moteri yihuta, imihanda minini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini, Inganda nini nigihugu Muri rusange urwego rwiterambere ryurwego rwa Polyurethane.
Icyerekezo cy'iterambere cya Shalyurethane Inganda Inganda ni uguteza imbere ubuziranenge, urunigi rw'icyatsi rwongerewe ibicuruzwa n'ibidukikije byo kurengera ibidukikije. Ntabwo ifite isuku gusa kandi ihumanye gusa muburyo bwo gukora, ariko nanone umutekano nicyatsi mubikorwa byo gukoresha icyatsi cyibikorwa bya Polyurethane. Icya kabiri, kugirango uhagarike ikoreshwa ryibicuruzwa bihari, kugirango urunigi rusanzwe rwumwuga rwuzuye imbaraga nshya. Urwego rwikoranabuhanga rwa polinethane yo murugo rwa polinethane rwo murugo rungana nibisosiyete mpuzamahanga, ariko harakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugirango ibicuruzwa byinshi biba byiza cyane hamwe nibikorwa byiza, kandi Kugirango ukoreshe ingaruka zumunyururu kugirango uzigame ingufu no kugabanya ibikoreshwa nigiciro. Iya gatatu ni ukuzongera guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya ukurikije isoko, kugirango utange ibicuruzwa bikwiriye kandi binini byinganda za Polyurethane, kugirango uhuze ibikenewe byisoko rya polyurethane, kugirango uhuze ibikenewe byisoko ryamanutse kandi ryagura urugero rwa porogaramu.
Kubikoresho bya polistique ya polastique, urunigi nibyingenzi kandi byingenzi hamwe namafaranga manini hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi, zifite akamaro gakomeye kubikorwa byo kuzamura ibicuruzwa. Byongeye kandi, mubindi bikoresho bya polyurethane ndetse na plastike ibeshya, urunigi rwa polurethane rwange rugaragara rufite ingaruka zigaragara mugutezimbere imikorere yibicuruzwa. Mu nganda za Poyirethane, urunigi rwa Polinethane umwanya w'amasoko ni kinini. Kugirango uteze imbere no kuyobora iterambere ryuzuye bwinganda za Polyurethane, birakenewe ko ushimangira ubushakashatsi bwo gusaba no guteza imbere urunigi rwa Poluurethane, kandi utera imbere ubwoko bwa Polyinethane kandi burenze urugero rwa Poluurethane no mu rwego rwo kwitondera ubuzima, ingufu Kuzigama, umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije no gukora ibikorwa, kugirango ugire uruhare runini mubuzima bwiza bwabantu.
Igihe cyagenwe: Feb-08-2023