aside oxalicni ikintu kinyabuzima. Imiterere yacyo ni H₂C₂O₄. Ni umusaruro w’imikorere y’ibinyabuzima. Ni aside idakomeye ifite ibice bibiri. Ikwirakwira cyane mu bimera, inyamaswa, n’ibihumyo. Ikora imirimo itandukanye mu binyabuzima bitandukanye. Kubwibyo, aside oxalic ikunze gufatwa nk'ikintu kirwanya imyunyungugu no kuyikoresha. Anhydride yayo ni trioxide karubone.
Ibiranga:Urupapuro rudafite ibara cyangwa ifu y'umweru ya kristu idafite ibara, aside ya oxalic idafite impumuro iyo ikoreshejwe oxidation, uburyohe bwa aside ya oxalic iyo ikoreshejwe. Sublimation kuri 150 ~ 160 ℃. Ishobora gukurwa mu kirere gishyushye cyumye. 1g ishongeshwa mu mazi ya 7ml, 2ml y'amazi abira, 2.5ml ya ethanol, 1.8ml ya ethanol ibira, 100ml ya etha, 5.5ml ya glycerin, kandi ntishongeshwa muri benzene, chloroform na peteroli. 0.1mol/L ifite pH ya 1.3. Ubucucike (amazi = 1) ni 1.653. Aho gushonga ni 189.5 ℃.
Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire:Aside ya Oxalic, izwi kandi nka aside glycolic, iboneka cyane mu biribwa by'ibimera. Aside ya Oxalic ni kristu idafite ibara, ishongeshwa mu mazi aho gushonga mu bintu bikomoka ku bimera nka ether,
Oxalate ifite ingaruka zikomeye zo guhuza ibintu kandi ni ubundi bwoko bw'icyuma gitera ubwiyongere mu biribwa by'ibimera. Iyo aside oxalic ihujwe n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe by'icyuma bya alkaline, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gushonga buragabanuka cyane, nko kuba oxalate ya calcium iba hafi kudashonga mu mazi. Kubwibyo, kuba aside oxalic bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo imyunyu ngugu y'ingenzi iboneka; Iyo aside oxalic ihujwe n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe by'icyuma by'impinduka, ibintu bishongesha biremwa bitewe n'imikorere ya aside oxalic, kandi gushonga kwabyo kwiyongera cyane.
Aside ya oxalic yatangiye kwiyambura ku bushyuhe bwa 100℃, yiyambura vuba ku bushyuhe bwa 125℃, kandi yiyambura cyane ku bushyuhe bwa 157℃, itangira kubora.
Ishobora gukorana na alkali, ishobora gukora esterification, acyl halogenation, amide reaction. Ishobora kandi kugabanya ingaruka, kandi decarboxylation reactions ishobora kubaho iyo ubushyuhe bushyushye. Aside oxalic anhydrous ni hygroscopic. Aside oxalic ikora complexes zishobora gushonga mu mazi hamwe n'ibyuma byinshi.
Oxalate isanzwe:1, Sodium oxalate; 2, Potasiyumu oxalate; 3, Kalisiyumu oxalate; 4, Feri oxalate; 5, Antimoni oxalate; 6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate; 7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.
Porogaramu:
1. Ikintu gitera imbaraga, ikintu gikingira, ikintu gitera imbaraga, ikintu gigabanya imbaraga. Kikoreshwa mu kumenya beryllium, calcium, chromium, zahabu, manganese, strontium, thorium n'ibindi byuma. Isesengura rya picocrystal ku bintu birimo sodium n'ibindi. Gutera imbaraga kalisiyumu, magnesium, thorium n'ibintu by'ubutaka bidasanzwe. Igisubizo gisanzwe cyo gupima potasiyumu permanganate na cerous sulfate. Bleach. Ifasha mu kurangisha irangi. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gukuraho ingese ku myenda mu nganda z'ubwubatsi mbere yo koza igitambaro cyo hanze ku rukuta, kuko alkaline ikomeye ku rukuta, ugomba kubanza gusiga oxalic acid alkali.
2. Inganda zikora imiti zikoreshwa mu gukora aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vitamine B12, phenobarbital n'indi miti. Inganda zikora icapiro n'irangi zikoreshwa mu gufasha mu ibara, bleach, intermediate mu buvuzi. Inganda zikora plastiki mu gukora PVC, amino plastics, urea – formaldehyde plastics.
3. Ikoreshwa nk'ingufu zo gukora impuzandengo ya phenolic resin, uburyo bwo gukora impuzandengo ni bworoshye, inzira irahamye, kandi igihe kiramara ni kirekire. Umuti wa acetone oxalate ushobora gukurura uburyo impuzandengo ya epoxy resin no kugabanya igihe cyo kuyitunganya. Ikoreshwa kandi nk'inyuzandengo ya urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde resin pH regulator. Ishobora kandi kongerwa muri polyvinyl formaldehyde ishonga mu mazi kugira ngo yongere umuvuduko wo kumisha no gukomera kw'imibanire. Ikoreshwa kandi nk'inyuzandengo ya urea formaldehyde resin, inyuzandengo ya ion chelating. Ishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyuzandengo mu gutegura impuzandengo ya starch hamwe na oxydant ya KMnO4 kugira ngo yihutishe umuvuduko wa oxydation kandi igabanye igihe cyo kuyitunganya.
Nk'umuti wo gusiga ibara ry'uruhu:
Aside ya Oxalic ikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ikintu kigabanya ubushyuhe n'ubunyobwa, ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti igabanya ubushyuhe n'imiti ya borneol n'indi miti, ndetse no gutunganya ibyuma bidasanzwe, ikintu kigabanya irangi, ikintu kigabanya ubushyuhe n'ibindi.
Aside ya oxalic ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gukora catalysts za cobalt-molybdenum-aluminium, gusukura ibyuma na marbles, no gusibanganya imyenda.
Ikoreshwa mu gusukura no gutunganya ibyuma, gukuramo ibintu by’ubutaka budasanzwe, gucapa no gusiga irangi imyenda, gutunganya uruhu, gutegura katalisiti, nibindi.
Nk'umuti ugabanya:
Mu nganda zikora imyuka ikomoka ku bimera (organic synthesis) ahanini ikoreshwa mu gukora hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, aside gallic n'ibindi bicuruzwa bya chimique.
Inganda za plastiki zikora PVC, amino plastics, urea – formaldehyde plastics, irangi, nibindi.
Inganda zikora amarangi zikoreshwa mu gukora ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi n’ibindi.
Inganda zikora icapiro n'irangi zishobora gusimbura aside asetiki, ikoreshwa nk'inkunga y'irangi ry'ibara ...
Inganda zikora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.
Byongeye kandi, aside oxalic ishobora no gukoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bitandukanye bya oxalate ester, oxalate na oxalamide, kandi diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate n'ibindi bicuruzwa ni byo bitanga umusaruro mwinshi.
Uburyo bwo kubika:
1. Funga ahantu humutse kandi hakonje. Harinda ubushuhe cyane, harinda amazi kandi harinda izuba. Ubushyuhe bwo kubika ntibugomba kurenga 40°C.
2. Bika kure ya okiside n'ibintu bya alkaline. Koresha imifuka iboshye ya polypropylene iriho imifuka ya pulasitiki, 25kg ku mufuka.
Muri rusange, aside oxalic ni imiti ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi mu nganda zitandukanye. Imiterere yayo ituma iba amahitamo meza yo gusukura, gutunganya no gusiga ibara ry'umweru, kandi ifite akamaro kenshi mu nganda zikora imyenda, ubusitani n'ibyuma. Ariko, ingamba zo kwirinda zigomba gufatwa mu gihe ukoresha iyi miti, kuko ni uburozi kandi ishobora kwangiza iyo idakoreshejwe neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-30-2023